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Counterinsurgency" An American Journey.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Counterinsurgency" An American Journey./
作者:	Herring, Caleb Michael.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (113 pages)
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International84-05.
標題:	Military studies. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29324953click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352929698

Counterinsurgency" An American Journey.
Herring, Caleb Michael.

Counterinsurgency" An American Journey. - 1 online resource (113 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-05.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Arkansas, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

At the end of the American Civil War, the U.S. federal government found itself with new grand powers in its final victory over the Confederacy. The Union had survived the fires of war from 1861 to 1865, the bloodiest in American history. In the final days of the war, General Ulysses Grant described his purpose for several triumphal marches north with his Union armies:"The march of Sherman's army from Atlanta to the sea and north to Goldsboro... It had an important bearing... of closing the war. As the army was seen marching on triumphantly, however, the minds of the Southern people became disabused, and they saw the true state of affairs. In turn, they became disheartened, and would have been glad to submit without compromise".The conventional part of the Civil War was ending and soon bringing Reconstruction, which concentrated on reintegrating the South politically and economically into the Union. Reconstruction aimed to mend the effects of the war, which had destroyed the South's economy, with the additional aim to help the millions of the now-freed former slaves. As the Civil War's conventional phase ended, the North believed the war had reached a successful conclusion.As Carl Von Clausewitz expressed, "War is the continuation of politics by other means". Directly following the Civil War, the South realized that it could not maintain their political aim of white supremacy in a conventional war or immediate overt political maneuvers, and they would now turn to a long war of insurgency. This insurgent phase first manifested with John Wilkes Boothe, who on April 14th, 1865, assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. Booth had developed a plan to kill all the heads of the federal government with the aim to leave the federal government in political chaos. Unknown to the North, a new phase of the Civil War had begun in the form of a Southern insurgency.The insurgency war came out of an amorphous association of returning home Confederate veterans, who reorganized themselves into networks of loosely connected militias. At times, nearly entire reconstitutions of Confederate battalions reformed. The most infamous of the insurgent groups was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), derived from the Greek word "kyklos", meaning circle. The KKK started an invisible empire of the South striving to intimidate, terrorize, brutalize, and kill newly freed African Americans who participated in politics as well as white people who supported these efforts. KKK members attacked schools, churches, and homes of those involved. These terror tactics successfully cemented a solely white dominance in the South, which perpetuated white superiority in economics and politics. By 1901, the last African American Congressman, Henry White, gave his farewell speech to the House of Representatives, expressing how the South had reversed the political and societal progress experienced by the African American community in the post-Civil War period through this terror campaign of crime and murder.At the beginning of Reconstruction, Washington D.C. became aware of the growing terrorism in the South from the networks of the KKK, federal leadership took steps to deal with the insurgency, and President Grant would choose to increase federal troops in the South to their highest level. He authorized the use of more aggressive counterinsurgency tactics and militarized Reconstruction by turning the South into five military districts garrisoned with Army units of infantry and calvary. At times, Grant allowed the suspension of habeas corpus, allowing federal troops to arrest anyone suspected of KKK involvement, who could be held without charge, and if necessary, held indefinitely. Though by the 1870s, a core American failure in counterinsurgency implementation emerged, the American public opinion quickly waned for the continued militarized operations, which can be gauged by the way the American public voted. The public vote swayed to the Democrat party, with many southern members in their ranks. This public turn moved the political agenda away from the militarized Reconstruction: "The number of Federal troops stationed in the South dropped from 87,000 in 1866 to 20,000 in 1867 and 6,000 in 1876". As the American public's will weakened for fighting a prolonged counterinsurgency, white supremacist militias were able to endure in the South.The Congressional mid-terms of 1874 brought a Democrat majority to the House of Representatives for the first time since the Civil War. When this happened, President Grant's militarized Reconstruction efforts stalled. Grant became politically isolated as Southern Democrats returned, and many northerners turned away from the idea of a continued federal military presence to handle the Southern insurgencies. In September of 1875, President Grant received a request from Governor Ames of Mississippi, asking for federal troops to be sent to Mississippi to aid in subduing white racial violence. Grant. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352929698Subjects--Topical Terms:

2197382
Military studies.
Subjects--Index Terms:

American historyIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Counterinsurgency" An American Journey.
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520 $a At the end of the American Civil War, the U.S. federal government found itself with new grand powers in its final victory over the Confederacy. The Union had survived the fires of war from 1861 to 1865, the bloodiest in American history. In the final days of the war, General Ulysses Grant described his purpose for several triumphal marches north with his Union armies:"The march of Sherman's army from Atlanta to the sea and north to Goldsboro... It had an important bearing... of closing the war. As the army was seen marching on triumphantly, however, the minds of the Southern people became disabused, and they saw the true state of affairs. In turn, they became disheartened, and would have been glad to submit without compromise".The conventional part of the Civil War was ending and soon bringing Reconstruction, which concentrated on reintegrating the South politically and economically into the Union. Reconstruction aimed to mend the effects of the war, which had destroyed the South's economy, with the additional aim to help the millions of the now-freed former slaves. As the Civil War's conventional phase ended, the North believed the war had reached a successful conclusion.As Carl Von Clausewitz expressed, "War is the continuation of politics by other means". Directly following the Civil War, the South realized that it could not maintain their political aim of white supremacy in a conventional war or immediate overt political maneuvers, and they would now turn to a long war of insurgency. This insurgent phase first manifested with John Wilkes Boothe, who on April 14th, 1865, assassinated President Abraham Lincoln. Booth had developed a plan to kill all the heads of the federal government with the aim to leave the federal government in political chaos. Unknown to the North, a new phase of the Civil War had begun in the form of a Southern insurgency.The insurgency war came out of an amorphous association of returning home Confederate veterans, who reorganized themselves into networks of loosely connected militias. At times, nearly entire reconstitutions of Confederate battalions reformed. The most infamous of the insurgent groups was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), derived from the Greek word "kyklos", meaning circle. The KKK started an invisible empire of the South striving to intimidate, terrorize, brutalize, and kill newly freed African Americans who participated in politics as well as white people who supported these efforts. KKK members attacked schools, churches, and homes of those involved. These terror tactics successfully cemented a solely white dominance in the South, which perpetuated white superiority in economics and politics. By 1901, the last African American Congressman, Henry White, gave his farewell speech to the House of Representatives, expressing how the South had reversed the political and societal progress experienced by the African American community in the post-Civil War period through this terror campaign of crime and murder.At the beginning of Reconstruction, Washington D.C. became aware of the growing terrorism in the South from the networks of the KKK, federal leadership took steps to deal with the insurgency, and President Grant would choose to increase federal troops in the South to their highest level. He authorized the use of more aggressive counterinsurgency tactics and militarized Reconstruction by turning the South into five military districts garrisoned with Army units of infantry and calvary. At times, Grant allowed the suspension of habeas corpus, allowing federal troops to arrest anyone suspected of KKK involvement, who could be held without charge, and if necessary, held indefinitely. Though by the 1870s, a core American failure in counterinsurgency implementation emerged, the American public opinion quickly waned for the continued militarized operations, which can be gauged by the way the American public voted. The public vote swayed to the Democrat party, with many southern members in their ranks. This public turn moved the political agenda away from the militarized Reconstruction: "The number of Federal troops stationed in the South dropped from 87,000 in 1866 to 20,000 in 1867 and 6,000 in 1876". As the American public's will weakened for fighting a prolonged counterinsurgency, white supremacist militias were able to endure in the South.The Congressional mid-terms of 1874 brought a Democrat majority to the House of Representatives for the first time since the Civil War. When this happened, President Grant's militarized Reconstruction efforts stalled. Grant became politically isolated as Southern Democrats returned, and many northerners turned away from the idea of a continued federal military presence to handle the Southern insurgencies. In September of 1875, President Grant received a request from Governor Ames of Mississippi, asking for federal troops to be sent to Mississippi to aid in subduing white racial violence. Grant. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
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538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Military studies. $3 2197382
650 4 $a Military history. $3 552332
653 $a American history
653 $a Counterinsurgency
653 $a Heavy boot print
653 $a Imperialism
653 $a Light boot print
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710 2 $a University of Arkansas. $b History. $3 2091898
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 84-05.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29324953 $z click for full text (PQDT)