東華大學圖書館 |

Sources of Productivity Growth in Vietnam : = Three Essays.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Sources of Productivity Growth in Vietnam :/
其他題名:	Three Essays.
作者:	Le, Phan.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (161 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-04A.
標題:	Innovations. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29342494click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352605974

Sources of Productivity Growth in Vietnam : = Three Essays.
Le, Phan.

Sources of Productivity Growth in Vietnam :Three Essays. - 1 online resource (161 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Australian National University (Australia), 2021.

Includes bibliographical references

This thesis examines the sources of productivity growth in Vietnam, a developing country that has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy to a more market-oriented one since 1986. Following the introduction, which sets the motivation and scope of the study, the thesis is organised into three core chapters, composed of self-contained articles. The first two core chapters focus on the within-firm determinants of productivity, namely the persistence of export activities and the transition into the formal business sector. The third core chapter investigates the between-firm (mis)allocation of capital that impacts aggregate productivity. The final chapter summarises the main findings, discusses contributions and policy implications, and provides suggestions for future research.Chapter 2 examines the relationship between export and firm learning, with evidence provided on the learning mechanisms of exporters in Vietnam during the period 2010 to 2017. Using a dynamic panel data model, estimated by the generalised method of moments technique, the paper reveals opposite patterns of learning between exporters who pursue their export activities persistently and intermittent exporters whose export is merely a temporary activity. The former experience a U-shaped pattern of ex-post productivity, while the latter exhibit an inverted U-shaped pattern. The paper also finds that compared with intermittent exporters, persistent exporters are more likely to receive technology transfer from foreign buyers and are more likely to invest in technology, infrastructure and staff training in order to meet the requirements of export contracts. Altogether, the evidence suggests a commitment of persistent exporters to expand product variety or improve quality standards which is often a costly and time-consuming process. The short-lived gain in ex-post productivity of intermittent exporters, on the other hand, implies that the quality of their export goods is not far from the quality of what they already sell domestically. These findings help explain why previous studies that treated exporters as a homogeneous group tend to find ambiguous evidence of learning by exporting.Chapter 3 examines the transition of Vietnam's informal household businesses into formal firms and its impacts upon firm-level productivity and incurred informal costs. Based on a panel dataset of formal and informal firms during 2007-2015, the paper employs the matched difference-in-difference estimation to find that such transition, known as 'formalisation', leads to higher investment, greater capital stock and an increase in labour productivity, which ranges between 23 and 82 percent. There is no statistically significant surge in total factor productivity, implying that the gain in labour productivity comes from capital deepening rather than true innovation. In addition, the paper finds that household firms have to incur higher informal costs after joining the formal sector. Specifically, managers have to allocate an additional 5 to 8 percent of their time to deal with government regulations and spend an extra VND 9 to 12 million for bribery payments after their household businesses become formal. The presence of such informal costs is in line with anecdotal evidence from the local media and helps explain the low rate of formalisation in the dataset. Chapter 4 examines capital misallocation of manufacturing firms in Vietnam during the period 2008 to 2017. The paper adopts a general equilibrium model to disentangle the roles of the three sources of capital misallocation: adjustment costs, uncertainty, and policy distortions. The theoretical model is then estimated via the moment matching technique that seeks to minimise the equally weighted distance between simulated values and observed values of the targeted moments. Based on data from the annual Vietnam Enterprise Surveys 2008-2017, the paper finds that overall, distortions create a productivity gap of 147 percent relative to the undistorted first-best level, meaning that productivity can more than double the current level if capital is efficiently allocated. Among the difference sources of misallocation, adjustment costs play a negligible role compared with uncertainty and policy distortions. The latter account for 81 percent of capital misallocation in Vietnam and a productivity gap of 110 percent relative to the first-best level. State ownership policy alone accounts for a 38 percent loss of aggregate manufacturing productivity, indicating the urgency of reforming stateowned enterprises and ensuring a level-playing field regardless of ownership forms.Overall, the thesis points out important within- and between-firm determinants of productivity in Vietnam. It also highlights issues within the country's business environment that have been hindering productivity growth. Key recommendations include reducing the costs of export, tackling informal costs of formalisation such as bribery or time costs of red tape, and ensuring a level playing field for all firms regardless of their ownership forms.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352605974Subjects--Topical Terms:

754112
Innovations.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Sources of Productivity Growth in Vietnam : = Three Essays.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Lewis, Blane.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Australian National University (Australia), 2021.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a This thesis examines the sources of productivity growth in Vietnam, a developing country that has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy to a more market-oriented one since 1986. Following the introduction, which sets the motivation and scope of the study, the thesis is organised into three core chapters, composed of self-contained articles. The first two core chapters focus on the within-firm determinants of productivity, namely the persistence of export activities and the transition into the formal business sector. The third core chapter investigates the between-firm (mis)allocation of capital that impacts aggregate productivity. The final chapter summarises the main findings, discusses contributions and policy implications, and provides suggestions for future research.Chapter 2 examines the relationship between export and firm learning, with evidence provided on the learning mechanisms of exporters in Vietnam during the period 2010 to 2017. Using a dynamic panel data model, estimated by the generalised method of moments technique, the paper reveals opposite patterns of learning between exporters who pursue their export activities persistently and intermittent exporters whose export is merely a temporary activity. The former experience a U-shaped pattern of ex-post productivity, while the latter exhibit an inverted U-shaped pattern. The paper also finds that compared with intermittent exporters, persistent exporters are more likely to receive technology transfer from foreign buyers and are more likely to invest in technology, infrastructure and staff training in order to meet the requirements of export contracts. Altogether, the evidence suggests a commitment of persistent exporters to expand product variety or improve quality standards which is often a costly and time-consuming process. The short-lived gain in ex-post productivity of intermittent exporters, on the other hand, implies that the quality of their export goods is not far from the quality of what they already sell domestically. These findings help explain why previous studies that treated exporters as a homogeneous group tend to find ambiguous evidence of learning by exporting.Chapter 3 examines the transition of Vietnam's informal household businesses into formal firms and its impacts upon firm-level productivity and incurred informal costs. Based on a panel dataset of formal and informal firms during 2007-2015, the paper employs the matched difference-in-difference estimation to find that such transition, known as 'formalisation', leads to higher investment, greater capital stock and an increase in labour productivity, which ranges between 23 and 82 percent. There is no statistically significant surge in total factor productivity, implying that the gain in labour productivity comes from capital deepening rather than true innovation. In addition, the paper finds that household firms have to incur higher informal costs after joining the formal sector. Specifically, managers have to allocate an additional 5 to 8 percent of their time to deal with government regulations and spend an extra VND 9 to 12 million for bribery payments after their household businesses become formal. The presence of such informal costs is in line with anecdotal evidence from the local media and helps explain the low rate of formalisation in the dataset. Chapter 4 examines capital misallocation of manufacturing firms in Vietnam during the period 2008 to 2017. The paper adopts a general equilibrium model to disentangle the roles of the three sources of capital misallocation: adjustment costs, uncertainty, and policy distortions. The theoretical model is then estimated via the moment matching technique that seeks to minimise the equally weighted distance between simulated values and observed values of the targeted moments. Based on data from the annual Vietnam Enterprise Surveys 2008-2017, the paper finds that overall, distortions create a productivity gap of 147 percent relative to the undistorted first-best level, meaning that productivity can more than double the current level if capital is efficiently allocated. Among the difference sources of misallocation, adjustment costs play a negligible role compared with uncertainty and policy distortions. The latter account for 81 percent of capital misallocation in Vietnam and a productivity gap of 110 percent relative to the first-best level. State ownership policy alone accounts for a 38 percent loss of aggregate manufacturing productivity, indicating the urgency of reforming stateowned enterprises and ensuring a level-playing field regardless of ownership forms.Overall, the thesis points out important within- and between-firm determinants of productivity in Vietnam. It also highlights issues within the country's business environment that have been hindering productivity growth. Key recommendations include reducing the costs of export, tackling informal costs of formalisation such as bribery or time costs of red tape, and ensuring a level playing field for all firms regardless of their ownership forms.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2023
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Innovations. $3 754112
650 4 $a Competition. $3 537031
650 4 $a Southeast Asian studies. $3 3344898
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 lcsh $3 542853
690 $a 0454
690 $a 0222
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 783688
710 2 $a The Australian National University (Australia). $3 1952885
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 84-04A.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29342494 $z click for full text (PQDT)