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Riding the Boom : = Rural Households' Participation and Livelihood Outcomes Associated with Teak, Banana and Cassava Crops in Northern Laos.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Riding the Boom :/
其他題名:	Rural Households' Participation and Livelihood Outcomes Associated with Teak, Banana and Cassava Crops in Northern Laos.
作者:	Mienmany, Soytavanh.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (280 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
標題:	Agriculture. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29100164click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798426881310

Riding the Boom : = Rural Households' Participation and Livelihood Outcomes Associated with Teak, Banana and Cassava Crops in Northern Laos.
Mienmany, Soytavanh.

Riding the Boom :Rural Households' Participation and Livelihood Outcomes Associated with Teak, Banana and Cassava Crops in Northern Laos. - 1 online resource (280 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Australian National University (Australia), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Crop booms, characterised by a rapid increase in the extent of a particular crop, have become common in the resource frontiers of Southeast Asia. A succession of Lao Government policies, opening the economy to international markets and facilitating access to land, have fostered a series of crop booms that are transforming rural Laos. This qualitative study draws on conceptual frameworks of rural change, farmer decision-making, and sustainable and diversified livelihoods to explore the external -, village - and household - level factors that influence smallholder household participation in crop booms, and the associated livelihood outcomes and rural changes. It investigated three contrasting boom crops, one in each of three Northern Lao provinces - teak, a long-term wood crop in Luang Prabang; banana, a medium-term food crop in Oudomxay; and cassava, a short-term flex crop in Xayabouly. Around one month of immersive fieldwork was conducted in each of two villages for each crop.Factors external to the village - government policies, market demand and crop characteristics - played a key role in catalysing each boom. The booms in banana and cassava were primarily market-led, enabled by facilitating policies, whereas teak was initially a policy-led boom in the context of a strong market. The within-village characteristics of land availability and access, and of peer influence, were important in each case. Early adopters of teak were able to increase their land assets through planting teak; this opportunity was not available to more recently-settled households, or those in the next generation. At the household level, land and labour assets were the most important: Households growing teak and cassava generally committed both land and labour; this was also the case in one banana village, but there were no local labour opportunities in the other. Household livelihood strategies capitalised on opportunities; banana and cassava production systems allowed some wealthier households to move out of agriculture and provided employment for poorer households and those with surplus labour. Consequently, most but not all households benefited financially from the crop booms, although those working in banana production were concerned about the health impacts, and neither banana nor cassava production systems appeared sustainable beyond the short term.These cases support the proposition that conjunctures of factors determine the adoption of boom crops, and the livelihood pathways that follow. In each case, the conjunction of factors enabling each boom has become less favourable over time, for different reasons. Markets for all case study crops remain strong, but regulations governing teak value chains are now disadvantageous for smallholders. Teak remains attractive as a low labour-input 'green bank' crop, but policy drivers are no longer as strong, and many households - especially those with limited land - prefer alternative crops with quicker returns. Policies governing banana plantations have become more restrictive in response to environmental and health concerns, but the crop characteristic of disease susceptibility is also limiting. Cassava productivity is declining due to smallholders' reluctance to make inputs, and regulations to favour domestic processing have deterred some growers, who have shifted to alternative enterprises.Participation in crop booms exacerbated wealth differentiation in the case study villages and contributed to processes of both de-argrianisation and re-agrarianisation. Households became 'multifunctional' through participation in a more diverse array of on-farm and off-farm livelihood activities; as expected from other studies, households retained, or in some cases, acquired paddy land, which they saw as essential for food security. This study shows how agricultural and rural development policies can be more inclusive of smallholders, whose interests appear more peripheral than central to policymakers in relation to each case study crop. Policy design and strategies for Lao agricultural and green economic development should consider more specifically the interests and realities of smallholders, including providing opportunities for poorer households to engage with and benefit from the booms through facilitating effective partnerships between government, private sector actors, and smallholders.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798426881310Subjects--Topical Terms:

518588
Agriculture.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Riding the Boom : = Rural Households' Participation and Livelihood Outcomes Associated with Teak, Banana and Cassava Crops in Northern Laos.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Crop booms, characterised by a rapid increase in the extent of a particular crop, have become common in the resource frontiers of Southeast Asia. A succession of Lao Government policies, opening the economy to international markets and facilitating access to land, have fostered a series of crop booms that are transforming rural Laos. This qualitative study draws on conceptual frameworks of rural change, farmer decision-making, and sustainable and diversified livelihoods to explore the external -, village - and household - level factors that influence smallholder household participation in crop booms, and the associated livelihood outcomes and rural changes. It investigated three contrasting boom crops, one in each of three Northern Lao provinces - teak, a long-term wood crop in Luang Prabang; banana, a medium-term food crop in Oudomxay; and cassava, a short-term flex crop in Xayabouly. Around one month of immersive fieldwork was conducted in each of two villages for each crop.Factors external to the village - government policies, market demand and crop characteristics - played a key role in catalysing each boom. The booms in banana and cassava were primarily market-led, enabled by facilitating policies, whereas teak was initially a policy-led boom in the context of a strong market. The within-village characteristics of land availability and access, and of peer influence, were important in each case. Early adopters of teak were able to increase their land assets through planting teak; this opportunity was not available to more recently-settled households, or those in the next generation. At the household level, land and labour assets were the most important: Households growing teak and cassava generally committed both land and labour; this was also the case in one banana village, but there were no local labour opportunities in the other. Household livelihood strategies capitalised on opportunities; banana and cassava production systems allowed some wealthier households to move out of agriculture and provided employment for poorer households and those with surplus labour. Consequently, most but not all households benefited financially from the crop booms, although those working in banana production were concerned about the health impacts, and neither banana nor cassava production systems appeared sustainable beyond the short term.These cases support the proposition that conjunctures of factors determine the adoption of boom crops, and the livelihood pathways that follow. In each case, the conjunction of factors enabling each boom has become less favourable over time, for different reasons. Markets for all case study crops remain strong, but regulations governing teak value chains are now disadvantageous for smallholders. Teak remains attractive as a low labour-input 'green bank' crop, but policy drivers are no longer as strong, and many households - especially those with limited land - prefer alternative crops with quicker returns. Policies governing banana plantations have become more restrictive in response to environmental and health concerns, but the crop characteristic of disease susceptibility is also limiting. Cassava productivity is declining due to smallholders' reluctance to make inputs, and regulations to favour domestic processing have deterred some growers, who have shifted to alternative enterprises.Participation in crop booms exacerbated wealth differentiation in the case study villages and contributed to processes of both de-argrianisation and re-agrarianisation. Households became 'multifunctional' through participation in a more diverse array of on-farm and off-farm livelihood activities; as expected from other studies, households retained, or in some cases, acquired paddy land, which they saw as essential for food security. This study shows how agricultural and rural development policies can be more inclusive of smallholders, whose interests appear more peripheral than central to policymakers in relation to each case study crop. Policy design and strategies for Lao agricultural and green economic development should consider more specifically the interests and realities of smallholders, including providing opportunities for poorer households to engage with and benefit from the booms through facilitating effective partnerships between government, private sector actors, and smallholders.
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