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Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand./
作者:	Halstead, Reece.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (255 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-04A.
標題:	Parks & recreation areas. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29343240click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352605899

Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
Halstead, Reece.

Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. - 1 online resource (255 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-04, Section: A.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Bangor University (United Kingdom), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

The effects of human-induced river fragmentation on the migrations of diadromous fish is well documented in the literature, though research has focused on the effects of large-scale anthropogenic drainage structures on strong swimming salmonids, whilst the impacts of small-scale structures on weaker swimming fish is less well known. Despite being the most prevalent and widely distributed whitebait species of the Galaxiidae family, and having significant recreational, commercial and cultural importance in New Zealand, populations of the small-bodied inanga (Galaxias maculatus) are in decline. The amphidromous migrations of juvenile inanga require unrestricted passage into upstream habitats to feed, sexually mature and spawn, rendering them highly vulnerable to potential barriers like bridge aprons, culverts, flood gates and pumping stations.The aims of this study were to describe and evaluate the impacts of a range of small-scale anthropogenic structures and associated environmental variables on the abundance and the diversity of sympatric fish communities along 16 lowland waterways across the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, so that migratory barriers can be identified and remediations can be implemented.Up to six fine meshed fyke nets were set above (upstream) and below (downstream) various drainage structures along each waterway, and the abundance of all caught individuals were counted, taking into consideration any potential ethical and sampling issues. Generalised linear models were used to statistically analyse the impact of each structure on the abundance of fish, whilst Shannon Weiner, Pielou's evenness and species richness indices assessed the impact of each structure on the diversity of fish communities. Associated environmental measures were also recorded and were statistically analysed using mixed effect models to determine their effect on fish abundances. The results of this study found that a bridge apron, a culvert and a 'Fish-Friendly Flood Gate' (FFFG) did not act as barriers to upstream migrating inanga. The structures also did not restrict the upstream passage of various other migrating and resident fish as a higher total abundance of all species was found upstream, and biodiversity indices were similar above and below the structures. In contrast, this study found that flood gates and pumping stations do act as full migratory barriers to inanga and other native fish, including the catadromous grey and yellow-eye mullet. Although the total abundance of all species was higher above these structures, the biodiversity was lower, as fish communities mainly comprised of the invasive resident mosquitofish, or the environmentally tolerant New Zealand freshwater shrimp.The abundance of inanga and the total abundance of all species were also impacted by varying environmental factors, although the differences varied according to the type of structure present and whether the structure acted as a migratory barrier. Inanga abundances significantly increased with increasing water temperature, though significantly decreased with increasing dissolved oxygen (DO) saturation, whilst increasing specific conductivity (SPC) did not have an effect on inanga abundances. The total abundance of all species significantly increased with increasing temperature and SPC, whilst abundances were found to decrease with increasing DO saturations.The findings of this study can be used to prioritise the mitigation or retrofitting of barrier structures on the site-specific level. They can also be applied on local and national levels so that comparable small-scale anthropogenic structures can be remediated to allow unrestricted upstream fish passage, with the aim of increasing native fish abundances and biodiversities, improved upstream habitat quality and the maintenance of healthy aquatic ecosystems.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352605899Subjects--Topical Terms:

3560878
Parks & recreation areas.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
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245 1 0 $a Determining the Effects of Anthropogenic Drainage Structures on Inanga (Galaxias Maculatus) in the Lowland Waterways of Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.
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502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--Bangor University (United Kingdom), 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The effects of human-induced river fragmentation on the migrations of diadromous fish is well documented in the literature, though research has focused on the effects of large-scale anthropogenic drainage structures on strong swimming salmonids, whilst the impacts of small-scale structures on weaker swimming fish is less well known. Despite being the most prevalent and widely distributed whitebait species of the Galaxiidae family, and having significant recreational, commercial and cultural importance in New Zealand, populations of the small-bodied inanga (Galaxias maculatus) are in decline. The amphidromous migrations of juvenile inanga require unrestricted passage into upstream habitats to feed, sexually mature and spawn, rendering them highly vulnerable to potential barriers like bridge aprons, culverts, flood gates and pumping stations.The aims of this study were to describe and evaluate the impacts of a range of small-scale anthropogenic structures and associated environmental variables on the abundance and the diversity of sympatric fish communities along 16 lowland waterways across the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand, so that migratory barriers can be identified and remediations can be implemented.Up to six fine meshed fyke nets were set above (upstream) and below (downstream) various drainage structures along each waterway, and the abundance of all caught individuals were counted, taking into consideration any potential ethical and sampling issues. Generalised linear models were used to statistically analyse the impact of each structure on the abundance of fish, whilst Shannon Weiner, Pielou's evenness and species richness indices assessed the impact of each structure on the diversity of fish communities. Associated environmental measures were also recorded and were statistically analysed using mixed effect models to determine their effect on fish abundances. The results of this study found that a bridge apron, a culvert and a 'Fish-Friendly Flood Gate' (FFFG) did not act as barriers to upstream migrating inanga. The structures also did not restrict the upstream passage of various other migrating and resident fish as a higher total abundance of all species was found upstream, and biodiversity indices were similar above and below the structures. In contrast, this study found that flood gates and pumping stations do act as full migratory barriers to inanga and other native fish, including the catadromous grey and yellow-eye mullet. Although the total abundance of all species was higher above these structures, the biodiversity was lower, as fish communities mainly comprised of the invasive resident mosquitofish, or the environmentally tolerant New Zealand freshwater shrimp.The abundance of inanga and the total abundance of all species were also impacted by varying environmental factors, although the differences varied according to the type of structure present and whether the structure acted as a migratory barrier. Inanga abundances significantly increased with increasing water temperature, though significantly decreased with increasing dissolved oxygen (DO) saturation, whilst increasing specific conductivity (SPC) did not have an effect on inanga abundances. The total abundance of all species significantly increased with increasing temperature and SPC, whilst abundances were found to decrease with increasing DO saturations.The findings of this study can be used to prioritise the mitigation or retrofitting of barrier structures on the site-specific level. They can also be applied on local and national levels so that comparable small-scale anthropogenic structures can be remediated to allow unrestricted upstream fish passage, with the aim of increasing native fish abundances and biodiversities, improved upstream habitat quality and the maintenance of healthy aquatic ecosystems.
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