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Environmentally-Driven Dynamics of Culex pipiens and Implications for West Nile Virus Transmission.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Environmentally-Driven Dynamics of Culex pipiens and Implications for West Nile Virus Transmission./
作者:	Field, Eleanor N.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (145 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-12B.
標題:	Entomology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29061078click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798819396070

Environmentally-Driven Dynamics of Culex pipiens and Implications for West Nile Virus Transmission.
Field, Eleanor N.

Environmentally-Driven Dynamics of Culex pipiens and Implications for West Nile Virus Transmission. - 1 online resource (145 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Iowa State University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

There are thousands of species of mosquitoes across the world, each with adaptations to survive in their landscape, and each with biological mechanisms to overcome the pathogens they encounter. The northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, is a key vector species in West Nile virus transmission with near global distribution in a variety of habitats. This dissertation will explore surveillance trends in Culex pipiens and identify various physiological and ecological drivers of them, offering new insight into the interactions between environment and mosquito biology that may contribute to disease dynamics. The introduction offers background information on Culex pipiens and West Nile virus to understand the vector and disease system. Then, it explores the relationship between land-use and abundance, using long-term mosquito surveillance data from two sites in central Iowa with contrasting landscapes to implicate urbanization in a sudden decline in Culex pipiens abundance. Next, a semi-field study provides key evidence of changing immune system components and dynamics of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia over seasons, findings that provide a mechanistic understanding of the potential role of altered vector competence in West Nile virus trends in field Culex populations. Then, the environmental control and ecology of Culex pipiens' overwintering state is examined. Semi-field and surveillance data demonstrate that low-lying levels of diapause begin to occur in late August, and peak induction occurs in late September as photoperiods and temperatures decline; country-wide surveillance data confirms this broad timeline across the natural range of Culex pipiens in the United States and provide insight into variations in diapause ecology from additional environmental factors at certain locations. The last research chapter of the dissertation offers a new molecular tool in the form of a multiplex primer to provide an easier, more resourceful method for blood meal identification in insects. Blood-feeding behavior reflects host utilization in an environment, reflecting the vector potential of a species and capturing associations between wildlife and mosquitoes. As a whole, this dissertation provides a clearer understanding of environmentally-influenced changes within vector populations in ways that can better inform disease modeling, direct efforts to control mosquitoes, and potentially save resources that can impact lives around the world.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798819396070Subjects--Topical Terms:

615844
Entomology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

CulexIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Environmentally-Driven Dynamics of Culex pipiens and Implications for West Nile Virus Transmission.
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520 $a There are thousands of species of mosquitoes across the world, each with adaptations to survive in their landscape, and each with biological mechanisms to overcome the pathogens they encounter. The northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, is a key vector species in West Nile virus transmission with near global distribution in a variety of habitats. This dissertation will explore surveillance trends in Culex pipiens and identify various physiological and ecological drivers of them, offering new insight into the interactions between environment and mosquito biology that may contribute to disease dynamics. The introduction offers background information on Culex pipiens and West Nile virus to understand the vector and disease system. Then, it explores the relationship between land-use and abundance, using long-term mosquito surveillance data from two sites in central Iowa with contrasting landscapes to implicate urbanization in a sudden decline in Culex pipiens abundance. Next, a semi-field study provides key evidence of changing immune system components and dynamics of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia over seasons, findings that provide a mechanistic understanding of the potential role of altered vector competence in West Nile virus trends in field Culex populations. Then, the environmental control and ecology of Culex pipiens' overwintering state is examined. Semi-field and surveillance data demonstrate that low-lying levels of diapause begin to occur in late August, and peak induction occurs in late September as photoperiods and temperatures decline; country-wide surveillance data confirms this broad timeline across the natural range of Culex pipiens in the United States and provide insight into variations in diapause ecology from additional environmental factors at certain locations. The last research chapter of the dissertation offers a new molecular tool in the form of a multiplex primer to provide an easier, more resourceful method for blood meal identification in insects. Blood-feeding behavior reflects host utilization in an environment, reflecting the vector potential of a species and capturing associations between wildlife and mosquitoes. As a whole, this dissertation provides a clearer understanding of environmentally-influenced changes within vector populations in ways that can better inform disease modeling, direct efforts to control mosquitoes, and potentially save resources that can impact lives around the world.
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