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Early-Life Feeding in Piglets: the Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Development.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Early-Life Feeding in Piglets: the Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Development./
作者:	Choudhury, Raka.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	259 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
標題:	Physiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29074054
ISBN:	9798426871670

Early-Life Feeding in Piglets: the Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Development.
Choudhury, Raka.

Early-Life Feeding in Piglets: the Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Development. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 259 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Early-life bacterial colonisation can be of particular importance to the overall growth and health of an animal, especially influencing intestinal and immune system development with long-term implications. This is especially relevant in pig production where post-weaning enteric infection is one of the major concerns related to the gut health of pigs, and is associated with economic losses and welfare problems. Commercial pig production systems involves early and abrupt weaning, which contrasts with the gradual transition from mother's milk to solid feed in nature. Due to such abrupt weaning, a piglet is challenged with multiple stressors (including environmental-, nutritional- and psychological-) which is usually associated with changes in gut microbiota and a high incidence of diarrhoea. Modulating intestinal microbiota to reduce weaning-associated problems in pigs, is getting increasing scientific and commercial interest, as microbial dysbiosis (or imbalance) has been identified as a leading cause of postweaning intestinal infections. The work described in this thesis focussed on the evaluation of early-life feeding (pre-weaning provision of fibrous feed) on the intestinal microbiota and mucosa development in neonatal piglets, thereby preparing piglets for weaning transition i.e., consuming plant-based solid feed after weaning.In Chapter 2, we first focussed on assessing a reliable sampling method to study microbiota colonisation over time, especially suitable for neonatal piglets. We showed that rectal swabs are a suitable alternative sample type to study the porcine microbiome development in early-life, when faecal sampling is challenging. Yet, the results were further refined in Chapter 7 (combining later experiments), where we found that rectal swab samples bring a certain degree of variability in the presence of mucosa-adhered population.In Chapter 3, we performed a longitudinal study (using rectal swabs) to evaluate the impact of early feeding (fibrous feed) on the microbiota colonisation at pre- and post-weaning timepoints. The results revealed that the early-fed (EF) piglets had an accelerated maturation of the microbiota, compared to the control (CON) piglets that consumed milk exclusively. Accelerated maturation at pre-weaning time-points were characterised by the simultaneous emergence of typical post-weaning-associated microbial groups (such as Prevotella, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Megasphaera, Subdoligranulum) and a more rapid decline of typical early-life/pre-weaning microbial genera (e.g., Fusobacterium, Finegoldia, Bacteroides, Eschechichia-Shigella). Moreover, we found a quantitative association between eating behaviour of EF piglets (video scores) and their microbiota signature, indicating that the piglets who spent more time at the feeding trough had a higher abundance of 'accelerated' microbial groups. Subsequently, in Chapter 4, we characterised the early feeding effect on the local intestinal microbiota (using luminal content) and intestinal (macroscopic and microscopic) physiology. Although the feed intake was relatively low in this experiment, it provided us the opportunity Appendices 242 to evaluate the relation between the individualised quantification of eating behaviour (with piglets classified into good, moderate and bad eaters) and the piglet-specific microbiota composition and intestinal measurements. At weaning, we found that early feeding altered the colonic microbiota composition, increased microbial fermentation products (SCFA) in the colon and modulated intestinal development i.e., increased weights and lengths of several intestinal tract segments,

ISBN: 9798426871670Subjects--Topical Terms:

518431
Physiology.

Early-Life Feeding in Piglets: the Impact on Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Development.
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520 $a Early-life bacterial colonisation can be of particular importance to the overall growth and health of an animal, especially influencing intestinal and immune system development with long-term implications. This is especially relevant in pig production where post-weaning enteric infection is one of the major concerns related to the gut health of pigs, and is associated with economic losses and welfare problems. Commercial pig production systems involves early and abrupt weaning, which contrasts with the gradual transition from mother's milk to solid feed in nature. Due to such abrupt weaning, a piglet is challenged with multiple stressors (including environmental-, nutritional- and psychological-) which is usually associated with changes in gut microbiota and a high incidence of diarrhoea. Modulating intestinal microbiota to reduce weaning-associated problems in pigs, is getting increasing scientific and commercial interest, as microbial dysbiosis (or imbalance) has been identified as a leading cause of postweaning intestinal infections. The work described in this thesis focussed on the evaluation of early-life feeding (pre-weaning provision of fibrous feed) on the intestinal microbiota and mucosa development in neonatal piglets, thereby preparing piglets for weaning transition i.e., consuming plant-based solid feed after weaning.In Chapter 2, we first focussed on assessing a reliable sampling method to study microbiota colonisation over time, especially suitable for neonatal piglets. We showed that rectal swabs are a suitable alternative sample type to study the porcine microbiome development in early-life, when faecal sampling is challenging. Yet, the results were further refined in Chapter 7 (combining later experiments), where we found that rectal swab samples bring a certain degree of variability in the presence of mucosa-adhered population.In Chapter 3, we performed a longitudinal study (using rectal swabs) to evaluate the impact of early feeding (fibrous feed) on the microbiota colonisation at pre- and post-weaning timepoints. The results revealed that the early-fed (EF) piglets had an accelerated maturation of the microbiota, compared to the control (CON) piglets that consumed milk exclusively. Accelerated maturation at pre-weaning time-points were characterised by the simultaneous emergence of typical post-weaning-associated microbial groups (such as Prevotella, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Megasphaera, Subdoligranulum) and a more rapid decline of typical early-life/pre-weaning microbial genera (e.g., Fusobacterium, Finegoldia, Bacteroides, Eschechichia-Shigella). Moreover, we found a quantitative association between eating behaviour of EF piglets (video scores) and their microbiota signature, indicating that the piglets who spent more time at the feeding trough had a higher abundance of 'accelerated' microbial groups. Subsequently, in Chapter 4, we characterised the early feeding effect on the local intestinal microbiota (using luminal content) and intestinal (macroscopic and microscopic) physiology. Although the feed intake was relatively low in this experiment, it provided us the opportunity Appendices 242 to evaluate the relation between the individualised quantification of eating behaviour (with piglets classified into good, moderate and bad eaters) and the piglet-specific microbiota composition and intestinal measurements. At weaning, we found that early feeding altered the colonic microbiota composition, increased microbial fermentation products (SCFA) in the colon and modulated intestinal development i.e., increased weights and lengths of several intestinal tract segments,
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