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Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses./
作者:	Harding, Katie J.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	182 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-03B.
標題:	Biological oceanography. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28643337
ISBN:	9798538101719

Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses.
Harding, Katie J.

Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 182 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Nutrient availability affects primary productivity, and nitrogen (N) is the limiting nutrient over large regions of the ocean. Biological N fixation (BNF) is the conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) to bioavailable forms of N (ammonium and amino acids). A select group of Bacteria and Archaea, known as diazotrophs, are the only organisms capable of this conversion. BNF is a critical source of N in nutrient-depleted (oligotrophic) marine waters. As such, BNF studies are a fundamental component for better understanding primary productivity and carbon cycling, as well as parameterizing predictive future global ocean models. Unicellular diazotrophs are widespread in marine systems and, in some cases, important contributors of BNF. This dissertation investigates unicellular diazotrophs at the single-cell level, including UCYN-A, a cyanobacterial diazotroph that lives in symbiosis with an algal host, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs), which are putative heterotrophs, and a specific NCD known as Gamma A, which is a commonly occurring organism throughout the tropics and subtropics that belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria. The single-cell investigations used in these studies can provide high-resolution insights that are not possible from community-level analyses of BNF, such as the N2 fixation rate of individual cells and cell morphology. Single-cell nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) analyses were used in chapters 2 and 3 to investigate the cell-specific N2 fixation rates of UCYN-A in the cold waters of the Bering and Arctic Seas where N2 fixation was not previously believed to be possible (chapter 2), and NCDs in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre where we demonstrated the first direct evidence of NCD N2 fixation on open ocean particles (chapter 3). Chapter 4 focused on a specific uncultivated NCD, Gamma A, using geneFISH to visualize single cells in natural seawater samples. We successfully identified Gamma A cells by developing a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe targeting the diazotrophic functional marker gene nifH, revealing Gamma A cells are most often attached to particles. Together these studies provide new insights into the distributions, activities, and physiologies of geographically widespread, unicellular diazotrophs, thus improving our understanding of their roles as sources of fixed N in the surface ocean.

ISBN: 9798538101719Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122748
Biological oceanography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Arctic

Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses.
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245 1 0 $a Insights into Marine Unicellular Cyanobacterial and Noncyanobacterial Diazotrophs through Single-Cell Analyses.
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300 $a 182 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Zehr, Jonathan P.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Nutrient availability affects primary productivity, and nitrogen (N) is the limiting nutrient over large regions of the ocean. Biological N fixation (BNF) is the conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) to bioavailable forms of N (ammonium and amino acids). A select group of Bacteria and Archaea, known as diazotrophs, are the only organisms capable of this conversion. BNF is a critical source of N in nutrient-depleted (oligotrophic) marine waters. As such, BNF studies are a fundamental component for better understanding primary productivity and carbon cycling, as well as parameterizing predictive future global ocean models. Unicellular diazotrophs are widespread in marine systems and, in some cases, important contributors of BNF. This dissertation investigates unicellular diazotrophs at the single-cell level, including UCYN-A, a cyanobacterial diazotroph that lives in symbiosis with an algal host, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs), which are putative heterotrophs, and a specific NCD known as Gamma A, which is a commonly occurring organism throughout the tropics and subtropics that belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria. The single-cell investigations used in these studies can provide high-resolution insights that are not possible from community-level analyses of BNF, such as the N2 fixation rate of individual cells and cell morphology. Single-cell nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) analyses were used in chapters 2 and 3 to investigate the cell-specific N2 fixation rates of UCYN-A in the cold waters of the Bering and Arctic Seas where N2 fixation was not previously believed to be possible (chapter 2), and NCDs in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre where we demonstrated the first direct evidence of NCD N2 fixation on open ocean particles (chapter 3). Chapter 4 focused on a specific uncultivated NCD, Gamma A, using geneFISH to visualize single cells in natural seawater samples. We successfully identified Gamma A cells by developing a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probe targeting the diazotrophic functional marker gene nifH, revealing Gamma A cells are most often attached to particles. Together these studies provide new insights into the distributions, activities, and physiologies of geographically widespread, unicellular diazotrophs, thus improving our understanding of their roles as sources of fixed N in the surface ocean.
590 $a School code: 0036.
650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 2122748
650 4 $a Laboratories. $3 531588
650 4 $a Plankton. $3 1299572
650 4 $a Cold. $3 560283
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 545717
650 4 $a Bacteria. $3 550366
650 4 $a Hybridization. $3 1615790
650 4 $a Photosynthesis. $3 518350
650 4 $a Sediments. $3 3566210
650 4 $a Genomes. $3 592593
650 4 $a Advisors. $3 3560734
650 4 $a Genes. $3 600676
650 4 $a Respiration. $3 610890
650 4 $a Visualization. $3 586179
650 4 $a Bioavailability. $3 875104
650 4 $a Nitrogen. $3 1314426
650 4 $a Proteins. $3 558769
650 4 $a Oceans. $3 561029
650 4 $a Greenhouse gases. $3 797971
650 4 $a Atmosphere. $3 542821
650 4 $a Carbon dioxide. $3 587886
650 4 $a Chemical bonds. $3 560512
650 4 $a Food chains. $3 3680771
650 4 $a Light. $3 524021
650 4 $a Enzymes. $3 520899
650 4 $a Microorganisms. $3 666946
650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
653 $a Arctic
653 $a Diazotrophs
653 $a NanoSIMS
653 $a Nitrogen Fixation
653 $a Non-cyanobacterial Diazotrophs
653 $a UCYN-A
653 $a Singlecellnanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry
690 $a 0416
690 $a 0425
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710 2 $a University of California, Santa Cruz. $b Ocean Sciences. $3 2101482
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 83-03B.
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793 $a English
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