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Implementing and Evaluating Mid-Tech Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure in Challenging Environments.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Implementing and Evaluating Mid-Tech Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure in Challenging Environments./
作者:	Mattos, Kaitlin Jean.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	270 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-03B.
標題:	Environmental engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28649511
ISBN:	9798538119592

Implementing and Evaluating Mid-Tech Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure in Challenging Environments.
Mattos, Kaitlin Jean.

Implementing and Evaluating Mid-Tech Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure in Challenging Environments. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 270 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Colorado at Boulder, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services improves health and wellbeing and has been recognized as a human right. Globally, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to provide at least basic drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene for all by 2030. In the United States, 1.6 million people still lack complete plumbing in their home. Rural and historically marginalized populations are disproportionately impacted by infrastructure deficiencies, such as aging infrastructure, inadequate government investment, water utility challenges, the high cost of utilities, and the difficulties of building and maintaining services in remote and rural areas. In cold climate regions, such as Alaska, piped distribution networks are particularly challenging to build and maintain, so other technologies should be evaluated to improve access to WASH.In this dissertation, I use qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the potential of mid-tech WASH infrastructure in disrupting pathogen transmission in the home. I conducted seasonal household interviews and community observations and collected household water samples to identify major pathogen transmission routes in rural Alaskan communities that lacked piped water and sanitation systems. Important routes for pathogen exposure include 1) periods of low water access, 2) untreated water reuse, 3) greywater disposal, and 4) human waste disposal. I evaluated the effectiveness of the Portable Alternative Sanitation System (PASS) at providing an incremental improvement to WASH access in homes without any other water and sanitation services. Because PASS is a novel technology, I collected and analyzed in-depth case data from 32 households that received PASS units over four years to understand how the systems were used and how well they functioned seasonally. Despite mechanical challenges, seasonal variation, and diverse end-user preferences, PASS units did fulfill an unmet need for WASH infrastructure in the majority of homes by the end of the first-year. Regarding the interruption of pathogen exposure routes, PASS units did not change the total quantity of water used in the home, but they did increase household water storage capacity, increase the quantity of rainwater used in homes seasonally, and improve the quality of stored water. While PASS units did not lead to most households changing their water reuse, greywater disposal, or waste disposal practices year-round, they did improve practices during the summer and fall. Thus, PASS can be an effective option to incrementally improve health and wellbeing, as long as it is technically functional and in use. I further identified the specific technical and social conditions that contribute to the success of PASS units using Qualitative Comparative Analysis. The successful implementation of household mid-tech WASH infrastructure is complicated, and all pathways that lead to success require both technical and social considerations to be adequately addressed. I conclude that mid-tech WASH infrastructure can be an option to improve access to WASH and help households make steps towards better health and wellbeing if deliberate steps are taken to ensure technical sufficiency of systems and provide appropriate sociocultural engagement to respond to communities' unique needs and preferences.

ISBN: 9798538119592Subjects--Topical Terms:

548583
Environmental engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cold climate engineering

Implementing and Evaluating Mid-Tech Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Infrastructure in Challenging Environments.
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