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The Killing of a Sacred Veneer: Depressive Symptoms in Athletes.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Killing of a Sacred Veneer: Depressive Symptoms in Athletes./
作者:	Tahtinen, Richard E.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	284 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-09B.
標題:	Neurosciences. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28400150
ISBN:	9798582503743

The Killing of a Sacred Veneer: Depressive Symptoms in Athletes.
Tahtinen, Richard E.

The Killing of a Sacred Veneer: Depressive Symptoms in Athletes. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 284 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Liverpool John Moores University (United Kingdom), 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Within the past decade, there has been a growing research interest on mental health issues in athletes. Within this increasing area of research, research on depressive symptoms in athletes has been central. However, the overall depression-related evidence-base is still fragmented and several important areas of research remain under explored. The overall aim of this PhD was to map topics that have received little scholarly attention in the past, and to empirically explore novel research questions that could contribute to future research and applied work to improve support and prevention initiatives in athletes. Study 1 The aim was to describe methodological characteristics of the research that has assessed depressive symptoms in athletes, and to map the variables that have been tested concerning these symptoms. A review framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) was utilised, and of 6983 records screened, 157 studies were included. Most studies were cross-sectional, with samples including current male and female athletes from multiple sports and levels. Non-athlete comparison groups frequently consisted of student samples. Twenty-eight different depression scales were utilised, of which CES-D, BDI, BDI-II, and the PHQ-9 were most common. The most frequently tested variables in relation to depressive symptoms were identified as proximal contextual and interpersonal factors (67.9%), including sport-specific (e.g., type of sport) (36.4%), and generic (e.g. social support) (31.5%) factors. Within-individual factors (e.g. cognitive vulnerability) accounted for 17.2% of all observed topics/variables tested in relation to depressive symptoms, and 9.3% tested depressive symptoms in relation to comorbid disorders. Macro-level variables (e.g. ethnicity) accounted only for 5% of all observations. Considering that current knowledge about depressive symptoms in athletes is largely based on cross-sectional data, and few studies have explored potential underlying mechanisms (e.g. cognitive vulnerability), more longitudinal research is needed to identify underlying vulnerabilities that predict individual differences in depressive symptoms over time. This would further improve future applied work to develop evidence-based intervention and prevention to target relevant mechanisms that increase athletes' likelihood of experiencing elevated depressive symptoms. The type of measures utilized across the reviewed studies were also highly variable, and different cut-off scores were used to identify athletes with clinically significant depressive symptom severity. Considering the methodological heterogeneity across studies, future studies could benefit from conducting more fine-grained analyses to explore the type of symptoms athletes may be experiencing rather than merely reporting prevalence rates based on a single cut-off score. This could improve our current understanding of the type of issues that may be especially relevant in the athlete populations. Study 2 As identified in study 1 interpreting depressive symptom prevalence across previous studies is complicated considering the range of different measures and cut-off scores that have been utilized in previous studies. Furthermore, we know little about the type of symptoms that may be especially relevant in athletes. Hence, the aim of study 2 was to explore the prevalence of specific symptoms of depression in athletes, and to test differences in athletes' likelihood of exhibiting these symptoms depending on their age, sex, the type of sport, and the level of competition in which they engage. A sample of Icelandic male and female team sport athletes competing in football, handball, and basketball (N=894, 18-42 years) were included in the study. The football sample represented 20.3% of the Icelandic adult football population (N=2170 across 105 teams) with a total of 441 participants included (age range 18-41 years, male 70.1%). For basketball, the sample represented 36.1% of the Icelandic adult basketball population (N=659 across 56 teams) with a total of 238 participants (age range 18-41 years, male 62.6%). For, handball, sample represented 26.5% of the Icelandic handball population (N=812 across 20 teams) with a total of 215 participants (age range 18-42 years, male 51.2%). Of the athletes exhibiting clinically significant depressive symptoms on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 37.5% did not exhibit core symptoms of depression (i.e., depressed mood, a lack of interest). Compared to males, females were significantly more likely to exhibit depressed mood, feelings of worthlessness/guilt, problems with sleep, fatigue, appetite, and concentration. Within males, differences were mostly related to neurovegetative aspects of depression (sleep and appetite), whereas in females, differences were related to cognitive/emotional aspects (e.g. depressed mood, guilt/worthlessness). The findings underline the importance of exploring specific symptoms of depression to provide a richer understanding of depressive symptomology in athletes - consequently allowing future research to identify and target risk factors that may be linked to these specific symptoms. Study 3 As identified in study 1, understanding individual differences in vulnerability to depression are still under explored in athletes. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to fill this gap by testing the influence of depressive rumination (repetitive thought processes in response to depressed. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).

ISBN: 9798582503743Subjects--Topical Terms:

588700
Neurosciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Depressive symptoms

The Killing of a Sacred Veneer: Depressive Symptoms in Athletes.
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Most studies were cross-sectional, with samples including current male and female athletes from multiple sports and levels. Non-athlete comparison groups frequently consisted of student samples. Twenty-eight different depression scales were utilised, of which CES-D, BDI, BDI-II, and the PHQ-9 were most common. The most frequently tested variables in relation to depressive symptoms were identified as proximal contextual and interpersonal factors (67.9%), including sport-specific (e.g., type of sport) (36.4%), and generic (e.g. social support) (31.5%) factors. Within-individual factors (e.g. cognitive vulnerability) accounted for 17.2% of all observed topics/variables tested in relation to depressive symptoms, and 9.3% tested depressive symptoms in relation to comorbid disorders. Macro-level variables (e.g. ethnicity) accounted only for 5% of all observations. Considering that current knowledge about depressive symptoms in athletes is largely based on cross-sectional data, and few studies have explored potential underlying mechanisms (e.g. cognitive vulnerability), more longitudinal research is needed to identify underlying vulnerabilities that predict individual differences in depressive symptoms over time. This would further improve future applied work to develop evidence-based intervention and prevention to target relevant mechanisms that increase athletes' likelihood of experiencing elevated depressive symptoms. The type of measures utilized across the reviewed studies were also highly variable, and different cut-off scores were used to identify athletes with clinically significant depressive symptom severity. Considering the methodological heterogeneity across studies, future studies could benefit from conducting more fine-grained analyses to explore the type of symptoms athletes may be experiencing rather than merely reporting prevalence rates based on a single cut-off score. This could improve our current understanding of the type of issues that may be especially relevant in the athlete populations. Study 2 As identified in study 1 interpreting depressive symptom prevalence across previous studies is complicated considering the range of different measures and cut-off scores that have been utilized in previous studies. Furthermore, we know little about the type of symptoms that may be especially relevant in athletes. Hence, the aim of study 2 was to explore the prevalence of specific symptoms of depression in athletes, and to test differences in athletes' likelihood of exhibiting these symptoms depending on their age, sex, the type of sport, and the level of competition in which they engage. A sample of Icelandic male and female team sport athletes competing in football, handball, and basketball (N=894, 18-42 years) were included in the study. The football sample represented 20.3% of the Icelandic adult football population (N=2170 across 105 teams) with a total of 441 participants included (age range 18-41 years, male 70.1%). For basketball, the sample represented 36.1% of the Icelandic adult basketball population (N=659 across 56 teams) with a total of 238 participants (age range 18-41 years, male 62.6%). For, handball, sample represented 26.5% of the Icelandic handball population (N=812 across 20 teams) with a total of 215 participants (age range 18-42 years, male 51.2%). Of the athletes exhibiting clinically significant depressive symptoms on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 37.5% did not exhibit core symptoms of depression (i.e., depressed mood, a lack of interest). Compared to males, females were significantly more likely to exhibit depressed mood, feelings of worthlessness/guilt, problems with sleep, fatigue, appetite, and concentration. Within males, differences were mostly related to neurovegetative aspects of depression (sleep and appetite), whereas in females, differences were related to cognitive/emotional aspects (e.g. depressed mood, guilt/worthlessness). The findings underline the importance of exploring specific symptoms of depression to provide a richer understanding of depressive symptomology in athletes - consequently allowing future research to identify and target risk factors that may be linked to these specific symptoms. Study 3 As identified in study 1, understanding individual differences in vulnerability to depression are still under explored in athletes. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to fill this gap by testing the influence of depressive rumination (repetitive thought processes in response to depressed. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
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