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The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Co...

Velazquez, Eric Michael.

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The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Colonization Resistance.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Colonization Resistance./
作者:	Velazquez, Eric Michael.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	80 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-09B.
標題:	Microbiology. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28149849
ISBN:	9798582534402

The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Colonization Resistance.
Velazquez, Eric Michael.

The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Colonization Resistance. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 80 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota or microbiome. This community of microbes represent an important source of variation in disease outcomes. Understanding how balanced gut-associated communities influence host-pathogen interactions could advance prophylaxis and improve reproducibility of mammalian models, which has been a matter of growing concern in recent times. Nevertheless, little is known about specific changes in microbial composition that cause phenotypic differences. One example of such microbiota-dependent phenotype is colonization resistance, which is the phenomenon by which the established microbiota protects its host against colonization by invading microbes, including pathogens. Culture-independent methods have revealed an enormous complexity of interactions that exist in the healthy and diseased states of the gut microbiome. However, few studies have identified specific commensal bacteria that may be responsible for colonization resistance. Here I show that genetically similar laboratory mice obtained from four vendors exhibit heterogeneous responses during oral challenge with nontyphoidal Salmonella. Fecal transplantation into germ-free mice replicates hierarchical susceptibility, revealing variability is perhaps due to distinct commensals. Co-housing of susceptible with resistance hosts partially transfers protective capacity, suggesting minority species within the gut flora might confer this trait. Consistent with our hypothesis, escalating competitive exclusion against Salmonella is attributed to diverse resident Enterobacteriaceae, a low abundance taxon not readily detected by amplicon sequencing. Mechanistically, pathogenic and probiotic members of this family rely on oxygen respiration to usurp each other in an unperturbed intestine. These findings illustrate how keystone facultative anaerobes can alter infection risk among healthy individuals and affect research conclusions.

ISBN: 9798582534402Subjects--Topical Terms:

536250
Microbiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Animal models

The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Colonization Resistance.
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520 $a The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota or microbiome. This community of microbes represent an important source of variation in disease outcomes. Understanding how balanced gut-associated communities influence host-pathogen interactions could advance prophylaxis and improve reproducibility of mammalian models, which has been a matter of growing concern in recent times. Nevertheless, little is known about specific changes in microbial composition that cause phenotypic differences. One example of such microbiota-dependent phenotype is colonization resistance, which is the phenomenon by which the established microbiota protects its host against colonization by invading microbes, including pathogens. Culture-independent methods have revealed an enormous complexity of interactions that exist in the healthy and diseased states of the gut microbiome. However, few studies have identified specific commensal bacteria that may be responsible for colonization resistance. Here I show that genetically similar laboratory mice obtained from four vendors exhibit heterogeneous responses during oral challenge with nontyphoidal Salmonella. Fecal transplantation into germ-free mice replicates hierarchical susceptibility, revealing variability is perhaps due to distinct commensals. Co-housing of susceptible with resistance hosts partially transfers protective capacity, suggesting minority species within the gut flora might confer this trait. Consistent with our hypothesis, escalating competitive exclusion against Salmonella is attributed to diverse resident Enterobacteriaceae, a low abundance taxon not readily detected by amplicon sequencing. Mechanistically, pathogenic and probiotic members of this family rely on oxygen respiration to usurp each other in an unperturbed intestine. These findings illustrate how keystone facultative anaerobes can alter infection risk among healthy individuals and affect research conclusions.
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