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Elucidating the Causes and Consequences of Individual Behaviour: Personality & Plasticity in the Marine Gastropod, Littoraria irrorata.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Elucidating the Causes and Consequences of Individual Behaviour: Personality & Plasticity in the Marine Gastropod, Littoraria irrorata./
作者:	Cornwell, Tomas.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	160 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-05B.
標題:	Aquatic sciences. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28214228
ISBN:	9798684643880

Elucidating the Causes and Consequences of Individual Behaviour: Personality & Plasticity in the Marine Gastropod, Littoraria irrorata.
Cornwell, Tomas.

Elucidating the Causes and Consequences of Individual Behaviour: Personality & Plasticity in the Marine Gastropod, Littoraria irrorata. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 160 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bangor University (United Kingdom), 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

During the last four decades, advancing perspectives in behavioural ecology have generated a surge of research focusing on individual behavioural variation. The resulting literature has highlighted the substantial effects of this variation on ecological and evolutionary processes, whilst also leading to the widely accepted view that individual variation may represent the 'end product' of natural selection. Despite receiving considerable recent attention, many questions remain unanswered, and thus there is still keen interest in unravelling the proximate and ultimate causes of behavioural diversity, and in improving on our current understanding of its maintenance within natural populations. This has led to a number of theoretical developments centring on links between behavioural, physiological, and life-history traits(the Pace-of-Life Syndrome hypothesis-POLS), which are predicted-along with factors affecting individual state-to underpin behavioural expression among-and within-individuals. Also central to these theoretical explanations are trade-offs between current reproduction and future survival, where more risk-prone individuals are expected to benefit from increased resource gains and faster growth, at the expense of higher mortality by predation. In order to examine these predictions, this thesis aimed to build on existing knowledge by responding to recent calls for more stringent empirical testing of key hypotheses, and by addressing important outstanding questions relating to the causes, constraints and consequences of individual behaviour. Specifically, the work examined individual risk-taking behaviour in the saltmarsh periwinkle (Littoraria irrorata). An important consumer on the intertidal marshes of the Eastern USA, L. irrorata ecology-including their characteristic circumtidal migrations on salt marsh vegetation-has been studied extensively, but as yet, not at the individual level. Therefore, the work comprises four empirical studies, which aimed to examine (a) the consistency of risk-related behaviours, (b)the influence of local environmental conditions on behavioural consistency and flexibility, (c)associations between individual behaviour and factors affecting individual state, and (d) the possible trade-offs associated with behaviour and individual fitness. Findings revealed, for the first time in this species, that risk-taking behaviour(boldness), activity, and latency to climb plant stems with the incoming tide are consistent individual attributes (personalities), and that these traits associate to form a risk-related behavioural syndrome. In addition, findings revealed considerable behavioural flexibility(plasticity)across environmental contexts, including diel and tidal cycles, and in response to temperature gradients-highlighting the importance of local environmental conditions in shaping individual behaviour. The work also provides a rare example of domain general plasticity, where behavioural responses carryover across contextual gradients, suggesting underlying physiology as a common mechanism, and raising the possibility of correlational selection on plasticity. Further, evidence presented for covariation between boldness, resting metabolic rate(RMR)and somatic growth, indicated clear among-and within-individual correlations, providing compelling support for the POLS hypothesis. This, along with findings indicating that behaviour appears to be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with risk perception, provides evidence that individual behavioural differences may be driven by underlying physiology, as well as with factors affecting individual information state. However, contrary to theoretical predictions, findings also revealed that bolder individuals were more likely to survive exposure to a key marsh predator, thus raising questions relating to the maintenance of behavioural diversity in L. irrorata. In particular, where higher risk-taking propensity does not appear to be involved in fitness trade-offs under the conditions studied. Taken together, these findings illustrate the importance of behavioural variation in determining individual performance under varying conditions, whilst also contributing to the growing body of literature examining the causes and consequences of individual behaviour. Finally, the work also provides a solid foundation for future studies examining the role of individual behaviour in the ecology of this species.

ISBN: 9798684643880Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Littoraria irrorata

Elucidating the Causes and Consequences of Individual Behaviour: Personality & Plasticity in the Marine Gastropod, Littoraria irrorata.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-05, Section: B.
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520 $a During the last four decades, advancing perspectives in behavioural ecology have generated a surge of research focusing on individual behavioural variation. The resulting literature has highlighted the substantial effects of this variation on ecological and evolutionary processes, whilst also leading to the widely accepted view that individual variation may represent the 'end product' of natural selection. Despite receiving considerable recent attention, many questions remain unanswered, and thus there is still keen interest in unravelling the proximate and ultimate causes of behavioural diversity, and in improving on our current understanding of its maintenance within natural populations. This has led to a number of theoretical developments centring on links between behavioural, physiological, and life-history traits(the Pace-of-Life Syndrome hypothesis-POLS), which are predicted-along with factors affecting individual state-to underpin behavioural expression among-and within-individuals. Also central to these theoretical explanations are trade-offs between current reproduction and future survival, where more risk-prone individuals are expected to benefit from increased resource gains and faster growth, at the expense of higher mortality by predation. In order to examine these predictions, this thesis aimed to build on existing knowledge by responding to recent calls for more stringent empirical testing of key hypotheses, and by addressing important outstanding questions relating to the causes, constraints and consequences of individual behaviour. Specifically, the work examined individual risk-taking behaviour in the saltmarsh periwinkle (Littoraria irrorata). An important consumer on the intertidal marshes of the Eastern USA, L. irrorata ecology-including their characteristic circumtidal migrations on salt marsh vegetation-has been studied extensively, but as yet, not at the individual level. Therefore, the work comprises four empirical studies, which aimed to examine (a) the consistency of risk-related behaviours, (b)the influence of local environmental conditions on behavioural consistency and flexibility, (c)associations between individual behaviour and factors affecting individual state, and (d) the possible trade-offs associated with behaviour and individual fitness. Findings revealed, for the first time in this species, that risk-taking behaviour(boldness), activity, and latency to climb plant stems with the incoming tide are consistent individual attributes (personalities), and that these traits associate to form a risk-related behavioural syndrome. In addition, findings revealed considerable behavioural flexibility(plasticity)across environmental contexts, including diel and tidal cycles, and in response to temperature gradients-highlighting the importance of local environmental conditions in shaping individual behaviour. The work also provides a rare example of domain general plasticity, where behavioural responses carryover across contextual gradients, suggesting underlying physiology as a common mechanism, and raising the possibility of correlational selection on plasticity. Further, evidence presented for covariation between boldness, resting metabolic rate(RMR)and somatic growth, indicated clear among-and within-individual correlations, providing compelling support for the POLS hypothesis. This, along with findings indicating that behaviour appears to be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with risk perception, provides evidence that individual behavioural differences may be driven by underlying physiology, as well as with factors affecting individual information state. However, contrary to theoretical predictions, findings also revealed that bolder individuals were more likely to survive exposure to a key marsh predator, thus raising questions relating to the maintenance of behavioural diversity in L. irrorata. In particular, where higher risk-taking propensity does not appear to be involved in fitness trade-offs under the conditions studied. Taken together, these findings illustrate the importance of behavioural variation in determining individual performance under varying conditions, whilst also contributing to the growing body of literature examining the causes and consequences of individual behaviour. Finally, the work also provides a solid foundation for future studies examining the role of individual behaviour in the ecology of this species.
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