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The Effects of Temperature and Host ...

Schenck, Forest R.

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The Effects of Temperature and Host Identity on the Seagrass Wasting Disease.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Effects of Temperature and Host Identity on the Seagrass Wasting Disease./
Author:	Schenck, Forest R.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	145 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-06B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28261560
ISBN:	9798557009904

The Effects of Temperature and Host Identity on the Seagrass Wasting Disease.
Schenck, Forest R.

The Effects of Temperature and Host Identity on the Seagrass Wasting Disease. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 145 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Parasites are ubiquitous, and their interactions with their hosts can have cascading effects from populations to communities to ecosystems. Recently, it has been suggested that global climate change may increase the prevalence (proportion of infected hosts) and virulence (the degree to which parasite infections damage their hosts) of parasites, resulting in dramatic ecological shifts. However, the drivers of many host-parasite interactions remain poorly understood, particularly in marine environments, thus inhibiting attempts to enact effective conservation and management under global change. This dissertation addresses several knowledge gaps regarding the processes governing infections of the seagrass Zostera marina, also known as eelgrass, by the parasitic protist Labyrinthula zosterae, commonly known as seagrass wasting disease. First, I assessed the strength and shape of relationships between wasting disease prevalence and biotic and abiotic characteristics of Zostera beds distributed among oceans and across >20° of latitude. I identified seawater temperature, Zostera density, and Zostera leaf blade length as the most important variables for wasting disease prevalence at this global scale. Second, I used a mesocosm experiment to assess the effects of ocean warming on the susceptibility of Zostera to wasting disease. Here, the increase in wasting disease intensity under ocean warming depended on Zostera genotypic identity and Zostera genotypic diversity. Third, I combined field data and a common garden inoculation experiment to show the importance of Zostera identity at the population level on both the distribution and consequences of wasting disease infections. In sum, these results suggest L. zosterae will be affected by climate change. Specifically, warming oceans will shift the distribution of wasting disease and increase the virulence of wasting disease within its distribution. However, existing genetic and morphological variation among Zostera genotypes and populations can buffer Zostera from the effects of wasting disease. In addition to informing our understanding of host-parasite interactions, these results are relevant for the management, conservation, and restoration of seagrass in response to global change.

ISBN: 9798557009904Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Labyrinthula zosterae

The Effects of Temperature and Host Identity on the Seagrass Wasting Disease.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Hughes, A. Randall.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Parasites are ubiquitous, and their interactions with their hosts can have cascading effects from populations to communities to ecosystems. Recently, it has been suggested that global climate change may increase the prevalence (proportion of infected hosts) and virulence (the degree to which parasite infections damage their hosts) of parasites, resulting in dramatic ecological shifts. However, the drivers of many host-parasite interactions remain poorly understood, particularly in marine environments, thus inhibiting attempts to enact effective conservation and management under global change. This dissertation addresses several knowledge gaps regarding the processes governing infections of the seagrass Zostera marina, also known as eelgrass, by the parasitic protist Labyrinthula zosterae, commonly known as seagrass wasting disease. First, I assessed the strength and shape of relationships between wasting disease prevalence and biotic and abiotic characteristics of Zostera beds distributed among oceans and across >20° of latitude. I identified seawater temperature, Zostera density, and Zostera leaf blade length as the most important variables for wasting disease prevalence at this global scale. Second, I used a mesocosm experiment to assess the effects of ocean warming on the susceptibility of Zostera to wasting disease. Here, the increase in wasting disease intensity under ocean warming depended on Zostera genotypic identity and Zostera genotypic diversity. Third, I combined field data and a common garden inoculation experiment to show the importance of Zostera identity at the population level on both the distribution and consequences of wasting disease infections. In sum, these results suggest L. zosterae will be affected by climate change. Specifically, warming oceans will shift the distribution of wasting disease and increase the virulence of wasting disease within its distribution. However, existing genetic and morphological variation among Zostera genotypes and populations can buffer Zostera from the effects of wasting disease. In addition to informing our understanding of host-parasite interactions, these results are relevant for the management, conservation, and restoration of seagrass in response to global change.
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