東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow ...

Weiss, Hannah.

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT./
作者:	Weiss, Hannah.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
面頁冊數:	98 p.
附註:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International82-06.
標題:	Sustainability. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28257726
ISBN:	9798557002936

The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT.
Weiss, Hannah.

The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 98 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06.

Thesis (M.S.)--The University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Climate change increases the unpredictability of winter weather and threatens the future of nordic skiing. Ski centers at high elevation and high latitude have employed over-summer snow storage, a climate change adaptation strategy, to ensure a consistent start-date to their winter ski season. Over-summer snow storage involves making a large pile of snow during winter and storing the snow beneath protective layers, such as wood chips or foam panels, to impede melt throughout the summer and fall. When ready to open the ski season, the ski center uncovers the pile and spreads the snow to create trails. Though many nordic centers around the world store snow, its implementation has not been widely researched. It has also never been tested in the United States.This research seeks to evaluate snow storage's success at the Craftsbury Outdoors Center, a low elevation, mid-latitude ski center in Vermont, U.S.A. To determine success, physical, financial, and environmental analyses were conducted from 2018 to 2019. To test physical feasibility, we collected snow pile volume change data over two summers. In summer 2018, two, 200 m3 piles were created, covered in wood chips, and their volume changes were monitored using laser scanning. Effectiveness of different coverings were also tested through temperature comparisons of snow beneath woodchips, foam panels, and reflective sheets. Mean melt rates were found to be 0.64 % of the initial pile's volume per day, with maximum loss recorded during mid-summer and minimum loss in the fall. These experiments indicated that wet wood chips covered with a reflective sheet was the most effective cover combination for minimizing volume loss. These results informed the creation of a 9300 m3 pile in 2019. The snow pile was monitored with laser scanning and lost <0.16% of its initial volume per day between April and September. It retained 60% of the initial snow volume by October which was enough snow to open the 2019 season on time. These results render snow storage technically feasible at this location.To determine financial and environmental feasibility, all steps of the snow storage process were analyzed for cost in dollars and impact in kilograms of CO2 released. Steps included site preparation, snow pile creation and covering, and snow pile uncovering and spreading. The directors of the center confirmed snow storage's financially viability. When compared to skiers flying to an alternative ski center if the Craftsbury Outdoors Center could not open, snow storage produced less CO2. These data show that snow storage is both financially and environmentally feasible. Overall, snow storage is technically, financially, and environmentally successful at this location and, given current climate predictions for winter, could be implemented at other nordic centers to extend nordic skiing's lifetime into the twenty-first century.

ISBN: 9798557002936Subjects--Topical Terms:

1029978
Sustainability.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Over-summer snow storage

The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT.
LDR:04236nmm a2200445 4500 001 2276225
005 20210427130843.5
008 220723s2021 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9798557002936
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI28257726
035 $a AAI28257726
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Weiss, Hannah. $3 3554492
245 1 4 $a The Feasibility of Over-Summer Snow Storage at the Craftsbury Outdoor Center, Craftsbury VT.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2021
300 $a 98 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-06.
500 $a Advisor: Bierman, Paul R.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--The University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Climate change increases the unpredictability of winter weather and threatens the future of nordic skiing. Ski centers at high elevation and high latitude have employed over-summer snow storage, a climate change adaptation strategy, to ensure a consistent start-date to their winter ski season. Over-summer snow storage involves making a large pile of snow during winter and storing the snow beneath protective layers, such as wood chips or foam panels, to impede melt throughout the summer and fall. When ready to open the ski season, the ski center uncovers the pile and spreads the snow to create trails. Though many nordic centers around the world store snow, its implementation has not been widely researched. It has also never been tested in the United States.This research seeks to evaluate snow storage's success at the Craftsbury Outdoors Center, a low elevation, mid-latitude ski center in Vermont, U.S.A. To determine success, physical, financial, and environmental analyses were conducted from 2018 to 2019. To test physical feasibility, we collected snow pile volume change data over two summers. In summer 2018, two, 200 m3 piles were created, covered in wood chips, and their volume changes were monitored using laser scanning. Effectiveness of different coverings were also tested through temperature comparisons of snow beneath woodchips, foam panels, and reflective sheets. Mean melt rates were found to be 0.64 % of the initial pile's volume per day, with maximum loss recorded during mid-summer and minimum loss in the fall. These experiments indicated that wet wood chips covered with a reflective sheet was the most effective cover combination for minimizing volume loss. These results informed the creation of a 9300 m3 pile in 2019. The snow pile was monitored with laser scanning and lost <0.16% of its initial volume per day between April and September. It retained 60% of the initial snow volume by October which was enough snow to open the 2019 season on time. These results render snow storage technically feasible at this location.To determine financial and environmental feasibility, all steps of the snow storage process were analyzed for cost in dollars and impact in kilograms of CO2 released. Steps included site preparation, snow pile creation and covering, and snow pile uncovering and spreading. The directors of the center confirmed snow storage's financially viability. When compared to skiers flying to an alternative ski center if the Craftsbury Outdoors Center could not open, snow storage produced less CO2. These data show that snow storage is both financially and environmentally feasible. Overall, snow storage is technically, financially, and environmentally successful at this location and, given current climate predictions for winter, could be implemented at other nordic centers to extend nordic skiing's lifetime into the twenty-first century.
590 $a School code: 0243.
650 4 $a Sustainability. $3 1029978
650 4 $a Remote sensing. $3 535394
650 4 $a Recreation. $3 535376
650 4 $a Meteorology. $3 542822
650 4 $a Climate change. $2 bicssc $3 2079509
653 $a Over-summer snow storage
653 $a Craftsbury Outdoor Center
653 $a Craftsbury, Vermont
653 $a Nordic
653 $a Ski centers
653 $a Winter ski season
653 $a United States
690 $a 0640
690 $a 0438
690 $a 0799
690 $a 0454
690 $a 0404
690 $a 0557
690 $a 0814
710 2 $a The University of Vermont and State Agricultural College. $b Natural Resources. $3 2119480
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 82-06.
790 $a 0243
791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2021
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28257726