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Individual Differences in Semantic P...

Rimikis, Stacey.

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Individual Differences in Semantic Processing: the Impact of Taxonomic and Thematic Relationships.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Individual Differences in Semantic Processing: the Impact of Taxonomic and Thematic Relationships./
Author:	Rimikis, Stacey.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	169 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-12.
Subject:	Speech therapy. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27829743
ISBN:	9798645469276

Individual Differences in Semantic Processing: the Impact of Taxonomic and Thematic Relationships.
Rimikis, Stacey.

Individual Differences in Semantic Processing: the Impact of Taxonomic and Thematic Relationships. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 169 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Conceptual knowledge, or semantic memory, includes our understanding of individual concepts and how they relate to one another. Research has increasingly focused on the distinction between two types of semantic relatedness: taxonomic (concepts belonging to the same category, dog-elephant) and thematic (concepts that participate in a shared scenario or event, dog-leash). Previous work has suggested that taxonomic and thematic relationships impact word retrieval for spoken language production in different ways. There is also evidence that healthy adults vary in their reliance on taxonomic or thematic processing in conceptual (non-linguistic) tasks. This dissertation examines the relationship between these two findings and asks: Do individual differences in taxonomic and thematic processing at the conceptual level impact the use of these relationships in spoken language production? Healthy adults completed a non-linguistic task measuring the relative accessibility of taxonomic and thematic relationships. Performance on this task was used to predict the magnitude of taxonomic and thematic effects (the extent to which taxonomic and thematic contexts facilitated or interfered with word retrieval) in three linguistic tasks. We found that individual variation in how quickly participants identified taxonomic and thematic relationships in the non-linguistic task predicted the magnitude of taxonomic and thematic effects in a language production task (naming a picture with a semantically related or unrelated word superimposed). This provides evidence that individual differences in conceptual taxonomic and thematic processing parallels the use of these relationships in word finding for language production. However, conceptual accessibility was not predictive of taxonomic and thematic effects in a different language production task (repeated naming of groups of semantically related or unrelated items) or in a spoken-word recognition task (spoken-word picture matching). This suggests that the impact of conceptual accessibility on word finding may vary by task. Alternatively, individual differences in other domains (e.g., cognitive control) may impact semantic context effects, overshadowing the influence of individual differences in conceptual accessibility. The findings of this study have implications for both theoretical models of semantic memory and lexical access as well as clinical treatment for individuals with semantic memory and word finding impairment (i.e., individuals who have suffered strokes).

ISBN: 9798645469276Subjects--Topical Terms:

520446
Speech therapy.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Aphasia

Individual Differences in Semantic Processing: the Impact of Taxonomic and Thematic Relationships.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12.
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520 $a Conceptual knowledge, or semantic memory, includes our understanding of individual concepts and how they relate to one another. Research has increasingly focused on the distinction between two types of semantic relatedness: taxonomic (concepts belonging to the same category, dog-elephant) and thematic (concepts that participate in a shared scenario or event, dog-leash). Previous work has suggested that taxonomic and thematic relationships impact word retrieval for spoken language production in different ways. There is also evidence that healthy adults vary in their reliance on taxonomic or thematic processing in conceptual (non-linguistic) tasks. This dissertation examines the relationship between these two findings and asks: Do individual differences in taxonomic and thematic processing at the conceptual level impact the use of these relationships in spoken language production? Healthy adults completed a non-linguistic task measuring the relative accessibility of taxonomic and thematic relationships. Performance on this task was used to predict the magnitude of taxonomic and thematic effects (the extent to which taxonomic and thematic contexts facilitated or interfered with word retrieval) in three linguistic tasks. We found that individual variation in how quickly participants identified taxonomic and thematic relationships in the non-linguistic task predicted the magnitude of taxonomic and thematic effects in a language production task (naming a picture with a semantically related or unrelated word superimposed). This provides evidence that individual differences in conceptual taxonomic and thematic processing parallels the use of these relationships in word finding for language production. However, conceptual accessibility was not predictive of taxonomic and thematic effects in a different language production task (repeated naming of groups of semantically related or unrelated items) or in a spoken-word recognition task (spoken-word picture matching). This suggests that the impact of conceptual accessibility on word finding may vary by task. Alternatively, individual differences in other domains (e.g., cognitive control) may impact semantic context effects, overshadowing the influence of individual differences in conceptual accessibility. The findings of this study have implications for both theoretical models of semantic memory and lexical access as well as clinical treatment for individuals with semantic memory and word finding impairment (i.e., individuals who have suffered strokes).
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