東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a B...

Dong, Tien Sy.

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease./
作者:	Dong, Tien Sy.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	138 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-12B.
標題:	Medicine. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27998537
ISBN:	9798635224939

The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Dong, Tien Sy.

The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 138 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects almost 1 out of every 5 Americans. The development of NAFLD increases an individual's risk for cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, and cancer. Given that there are few treatments available for NALFD, it is imperative to understand the features that can prognosticate and alter the progression of NAFLD. One area of research that has gained significant traction is the role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of NAFLD. By utilizing a multi'omics approach, we discovered that the gut microbiome can affect obesity through alterations of the brain-gut axis. In a study of over 100 patients, we saw that the gut microbiome was highly associated to food addiction. Patients with food addiction had significantly lower abundances of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Eubacterium, and a higher abundance of Megamonas. This was associated with a reduction in a neuroprotective tryptophan-related metabolite, indolepropionate, and altered connectivity in the brain's reward regions. This data suggests that the gut microbiome plays a role in eating behavior and is likely a modifiable risk factor for obesity. Furthermore, research has shown that the microbiome and metabolite profile of patients with NAFLD differs at each stage of the disease. Using a machine learning algorithm, we created and validated a classifier based on the gut microbiome that highly predicts advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. To explore the causal effects of the gut microbiome on the development of NAFLD, we utilized the microbiome of bariatric surgery patients and transplanted them into antibiotic treated mice. Through this model, we see that an obese phenotype microbiome is able to induce significant weight gain and hepatic steatosis. Associated with these changes we see a significant alteration of the expression levels of natural killer T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells, Kupffer cells, and monocyte-derived macrophages. The data shows that not only can the gut microbiome prognosticate NAFLD, it can also alter the progression of NAFLD through changes of the innate immune system of the liver. This work shows the feasibility of the gut microbiome both as a biomarker but also as a source for potential novel therapeutics against obesity and NAFLD.

ISBN: 9798635224939Subjects--Topical Terms:

641104
Medicine.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Fibrosis

The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
LDR:03514nmm a2200385 4500 001 2273204
005 20201105110407.5
008 220629s2020 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9798635224939
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI27998537
035 $a AAI27998537
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Dong, Tien Sy. $3 3550633
245 1 4 $a The Intestinal Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker and Driver of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2020
300 $a 138 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-12, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Jacobs, Jonathan P.;Pisegna, Joseph R.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects almost 1 out of every 5 Americans. The development of NAFLD increases an individual's risk for cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, and cancer. Given that there are few treatments available for NALFD, it is imperative to understand the features that can prognosticate and alter the progression of NAFLD. One area of research that has gained significant traction is the role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of NAFLD. By utilizing a multi'omics approach, we discovered that the gut microbiome can affect obesity through alterations of the brain-gut axis. In a study of over 100 patients, we saw that the gut microbiome was highly associated to food addiction. Patients with food addiction had significantly lower abundances of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Eubacterium, and a higher abundance of Megamonas. This was associated with a reduction in a neuroprotective tryptophan-related metabolite, indolepropionate, and altered connectivity in the brain's reward regions. This data suggests that the gut microbiome plays a role in eating behavior and is likely a modifiable risk factor for obesity. Furthermore, research has shown that the microbiome and metabolite profile of patients with NAFLD differs at each stage of the disease. Using a machine learning algorithm, we created and validated a classifier based on the gut microbiome that highly predicts advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. To explore the causal effects of the gut microbiome on the development of NAFLD, we utilized the microbiome of bariatric surgery patients and transplanted them into antibiotic treated mice. Through this model, we see that an obese phenotype microbiome is able to induce significant weight gain and hepatic steatosis. Associated with these changes we see a significant alteration of the expression levels of natural killer T-cells, cytotoxic T-cells, Kupffer cells, and monocyte-derived macrophages. The data shows that not only can the gut microbiome prognosticate NAFLD, it can also alter the progression of NAFLD through changes of the innate immune system of the liver. This work shows the feasibility of the gut microbiome both as a biomarker but also as a source for potential novel therapeutics against obesity and NAFLD.
590 $a School code: 0031.
650 4 $a Medicine. $3 641104
650 4 $a Microbiology. $3 536250
650 4 $a Molecular biology. $3 517296
653 $a Fibrosis
653 $a Food addiction
653 $a Microbiome
653 $a NAFLD
653 $a NKT cells
653 $a Obesity
690 $a 0564
690 $a 0410
690 $a 0307
710 2 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $b Molec, Cell, & Integ Physiology 0568. $3 3181612
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 81-12B.
790 $a 0031
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2020
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27998537