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Measurements, Modeling and Analysis ...

Uttamang, Pornpan.

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Measurements, Modeling and Analysis of Air Quality in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Measurements, Modeling and Analysis of Air Quality in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand./
作者:	Uttamang, Pornpan.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	195 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-10B.
標題:	Atmospheric sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27732080
ISBN:	9781392441442

Measurements, Modeling and Analysis of Air Quality in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand.
Uttamang, Pornpan.

Measurements, Modeling and Analysis of Air Quality in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 195 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Over the last three decades, Thailand's rapid industrialization and urbanization have led toan increase in global economic prowess. A majority of the country's economy and developmentoccur within and around Bangkok (BKK), the capital city of Thailand, and the five adjacentprovinces of BKK including Nakhon Pathom, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, andSamut Sakhon. These provinces are linked closely to each other in term of traffic and industrialdevelopment which this cluster is called the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). The BMRaccounts for greater than 40 % of Gross Domestic Product and Gross Regional Product (GRP) ofThailand. Most of the GRP comes from non-agriculture activities in the BMR. Since 1995, theBMR has experienced an air quality degradation especially, exceedances in Thailand NationalAmbient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3) owing to an increasein pollutant emissions, mostly from automobile and industrial activities. Large concentrations ofair pollutants lead to health problems such as coughing, pulmonary inflammation, respiratorydiseases, cardiovascular, morbidity and mortality. Besides an increase in pollutant emissions,tropical climate in this region (i.e. strong solar radiation, high temperature and high humidity) alsofavors the formation of atmospheric secondary pollutants. Furthermore, regional contribution orlong-range transport of pollutants may enhance pollutant levels in the BMR, perhaps as much aslocal contribution of pollutants.This study examines chemical and physical processes leading to elevated gaseous criteriapollutants including carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and O3 in the BMR byperforming an observation-based analysis along with a model-based analysis. Even the BMR hasexperienced in the exceedances of PM and O3, the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were not measured before 2014. Unlike air quality modeling, Thailand has an intensive air qualitymonitoring network operated by Pollution Control Department (PCD), Thailand. Hourly gaseouscriteria pollutants and meteorology have been measured at all the PCD's monitoring stations andthe observations are available upon request. For the observation-based analysis, hourlyobservations of gaseous criteria pollutants from 15 monitoring stations located in the BMR, during2010 to 2014, are analyzed in order to investigate i) status of gaseous criteria pollutants in theBMR, ii) diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations of gaseous criteria pollutants, iii) therelationship between O3 and O3 precursors, iv) effect of local and regional contribution (long-rangetransport) of pollutants on elevated pollutant levels, and v) the severity of pollutant concentrationson human health based-on air quality index.For the model-based analysis, the Weather Research and Forecasting model version 3.9.1coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem model) is used. The effect of long-range transport, inparticular the role of China's NOx and VOC emissions (major O3 precursors) on O3 behavior andO3 formation regimes in the BMR are investigated. This study focuses on China's pollutantemissions, since China is a major emission contributor and more than 80 % of East Asia's pollutantemissions are contributed from this country. Moreover, the elevated O3 levels in the BMR arefrequently observed during dry seasons when the predominant wind direction is northeast monsoonwind traveling from the northeastern and the northern parts of Asia (China and Mongolia).

ISBN: 9781392441442Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Air quality

Measurements, Modeling and Analysis of Air Quality in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2019.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Over the last three decades, Thailand's rapid industrialization and urbanization have led toan increase in global economic prowess. A majority of the country's economy and developmentoccur within and around Bangkok (BKK), the capital city of Thailand, and the five adjacentprovinces of BKK including Nakhon Pathom, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, andSamut Sakhon. These provinces are linked closely to each other in term of traffic and industrialdevelopment which this cluster is called the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). The BMRaccounts for greater than 40 % of Gross Domestic Product and Gross Regional Product (GRP) ofThailand. Most of the GRP comes from non-agriculture activities in the BMR. Since 1995, theBMR has experienced an air quality degradation especially, exceedances in Thailand NationalAmbient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3) owing to an increasein pollutant emissions, mostly from automobile and industrial activities. Large concentrations ofair pollutants lead to health problems such as coughing, pulmonary inflammation, respiratorydiseases, cardiovascular, morbidity and mortality. Besides an increase in pollutant emissions,tropical climate in this region (i.e. strong solar radiation, high temperature and high humidity) alsofavors the formation of atmospheric secondary pollutants. Furthermore, regional contribution orlong-range transport of pollutants may enhance pollutant levels in the BMR, perhaps as much aslocal contribution of pollutants.This study examines chemical and physical processes leading to elevated gaseous criteriapollutants including carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and O3 in the BMR byperforming an observation-based analysis along with a model-based analysis. Even the BMR hasexperienced in the exceedances of PM and O3, the concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were not measured before 2014. Unlike air quality modeling, Thailand has an intensive air qualitymonitoring network operated by Pollution Control Department (PCD), Thailand. Hourly gaseouscriteria pollutants and meteorology have been measured at all the PCD's monitoring stations andthe observations are available upon request. For the observation-based analysis, hourlyobservations of gaseous criteria pollutants from 15 monitoring stations located in the BMR, during2010 to 2014, are analyzed in order to investigate i) status of gaseous criteria pollutants in theBMR, ii) diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations of gaseous criteria pollutants, iii) therelationship between O3 and O3 precursors, iv) effect of local and regional contribution (long-rangetransport) of pollutants on elevated pollutant levels, and v) the severity of pollutant concentrationson human health based-on air quality index.For the model-based analysis, the Weather Research and Forecasting model version 3.9.1coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem model) is used. The effect of long-range transport, inparticular the role of China's NOx and VOC emissions (major O3 precursors) on O3 behavior andO3 formation regimes in the BMR are investigated. This study focuses on China's pollutantemissions, since China is a major emission contributor and more than 80 % of East Asia's pollutantemissions are contributed from this country. Moreover, the elevated O3 levels in the BMR arefrequently observed during dry seasons when the predominant wind direction is northeast monsoonwind traveling from the northeastern and the northern parts of Asia (China and Mongolia).
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