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Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspe...

Loss, Erin Ostrem.

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Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspergillus sp. and the Implications for Human Health.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspergillus sp. and the Implications for Human Health./
作者:	Loss, Erin Ostrem.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	155 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-08, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-08B.
標題:	Microbiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10934119
ISBN:	9781392887677

Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspergillus sp. and the Implications for Human Health.
Loss, Erin Ostrem.

Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspergillus sp. and the Implications for Human Health. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 155 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-08, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Aspergillus is a genus of ubiquitous fungus that demonstrates enormous resilience and metabolic capabilities in a wide variety of environments. It can be found living in sites contaminated with compounds which are toxic to animals, yet little is known about how it is able to survive and reproduce under these conditions. The mechanisms employed to metabolize the toxic compound benzo(a)pyrene were studied in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Benzo(a)pyrene is a contaminant of concern due to its stability in the environment and toxicity in mammals. A. nidulans was able to grow on benzo(a)pyrene and showed higher cell viability than control cells. Analysis of the transcriptomic response to benzo(a)pyrene showed evidence of cellular growth and energy generation, indicating the fungus can utilize benzo(a)pyrene as a substrate for growth. A cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (CYP) BapA (CYP617D1) was identified and determined to be necessary for benzo(a)pyrene degradation under glucose limiting conditions in A. nidulans. Deletion of bapA in A. flavus showed the same phenotypic inability to degrade benzo(a)pyrene, indicating functional conservation. Further it was shown that bapA is controlled by the Nf-κB-like transcription factors VeA and VelB in response to carbon limitation. Given the number of CYPs predicted in the A. flavus genome (153) it was hypothesized that numerous benzo(a)pyrene degrading CYPs are encoded. Deletion of AFLA_135430 led to reduced benzo(a)pyrene degradation ability, reduced sporulation, increased sclerotia formation, and imbalance of secondary metabolism demonstrating this CYP may play a dual role in degradation of exogenous compounds like benzo(a)pyrene, and biosynthesis of an endogenous secondary metabolite. Finally, fungal spores are considered indoor pollutants because of their toxicity and pathogenicity within the human respiratory tract. Although A. fumigatus is capable of degrading benzo(a)pyrene, uptake of the compound into fungal hyphae leads to transport into developing spores. We were unable to demonstrate benzo(a)pyrene containing spores evade the innate immune response using a zebrafish model. However, because of the known cytotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene it is likely these spores exhibit some form of negative health impact on humans. This novel discovery may impact how we assess exposure risks to soil contaminants, especially in and around contaminated sites.

ISBN: 9781392887677Subjects--Topical Terms:

536250
Microbiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase

Metabolism of Benzo(a)pyrene by Aspergillus sp. and the Implications for Human Health.
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