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Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on ...

McLaskey, Anna Kathleen.

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Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on Crustacean Zooplankton: A Coupled Field-Laboratory Approach.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on Crustacean Zooplankton: A Coupled Field-Laboratory Approach./
作者:	McLaskey, Anna Kathleen.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	201 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-04B.
標題:	Biological oceanography. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13898320
ISBN:	9781088303375

Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on Crustacean Zooplankton: A Coupled Field-Laboratory Approach.
McLaskey, Anna Kathleen.

Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on Crustacean Zooplankton: A Coupled Field-Laboratory Approach. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 201 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In this dissertation I combine laboratory experiments and field observations across natural oceanographic gradients to investigate how crustacean zooplankton will be affected by ocean acidification (OA) and other co-occurring ocean changes. Anthropogenic emissions are increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and ocean, causing declining seawater pH, increasing ocean temperatures, and decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations. These changes have the potential to influence the metabolism, growth, and survival of crustacean zooplankton, such as copepods and krill, that act as critical prey items for higher trophic levels. Puget Sound, WA is a large coastal estuary with a wide range of pH and oxygen levels present in different areas and seasons. By coupling laboratory methods and field observations, a wide range of drivers and mechanisms of ocean change can be considered, forming a powerful research approach. In Chapters 2 and 3, I characterized the pH exposure of the copepod Calanus pacificus and the krill Euphausia pacifica in Puget Sound and reared their eggs and larvae under a range of pH conditions in the laboratory. I found that krill larvae are sensitive to reduced seawater pH and may already be affected by pH conditions in some areas of Puget Sound. In Chapter 4, I investigated the effects of elevated CO2 on the phytoplankton-copepod trophic link at two different temperatures, using the marine cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina and the calanoid copepod Acartia hudsonica. I observed complex shifts in phytoplankton fatty acid content and evidence of direct effects of CO2 on copepods, as well as indirect effects mediated through changes in the phytoplankton. In Chapter 5, I used enzyme activities as physiological indicators of how adult E. pacifica are affected by pH and oxygen in controlled laboratory conditions and across natural oceanographic gradients in Puget Sound. To characterize the high inter-individual variability displayed by this species, I used an individual-based approach that had not previously been used with these indicators. In Chapter 6, I examined the use of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) activity in individual krill, explored the biochemistry underlying the assay, and suggested a modification to the method. This dissertation increases our understanding of how key zooplankton taxa are affected by seawater pH and the multiple pathways by which they can be affected. Additionally, this dissertation provides a basis for understanding how E. pacifica may be affected by OA in the future.

ISBN: 9781088303375Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122748
Biological oceanography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Copepods

Multiple Effects of Ocean Change on Crustacean Zooplankton: A Coupled Field-Laboratory Approach.
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520 $a In this dissertation I combine laboratory experiments and field observations across natural oceanographic gradients to investigate how crustacean zooplankton will be affected by ocean acidification (OA) and other co-occurring ocean changes. Anthropogenic emissions are increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and ocean, causing declining seawater pH, increasing ocean temperatures, and decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations. These changes have the potential to influence the metabolism, growth, and survival of crustacean zooplankton, such as copepods and krill, that act as critical prey items for higher trophic levels. Puget Sound, WA is a large coastal estuary with a wide range of pH and oxygen levels present in different areas and seasons. By coupling laboratory methods and field observations, a wide range of drivers and mechanisms of ocean change can be considered, forming a powerful research approach. In Chapters 2 and 3, I characterized the pH exposure of the copepod Calanus pacificus and the krill Euphausia pacifica in Puget Sound and reared their eggs and larvae under a range of pH conditions in the laboratory. I found that krill larvae are sensitive to reduced seawater pH and may already be affected by pH conditions in some areas of Puget Sound. In Chapter 4, I investigated the effects of elevated CO2 on the phytoplankton-copepod trophic link at two different temperatures, using the marine cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina and the calanoid copepod Acartia hudsonica. I observed complex shifts in phytoplankton fatty acid content and evidence of direct effects of CO2 on copepods, as well as indirect effects mediated through changes in the phytoplankton. In Chapter 5, I used enzyme activities as physiological indicators of how adult E. pacifica are affected by pH and oxygen in controlled laboratory conditions and across natural oceanographic gradients in Puget Sound. To characterize the high inter-individual variability displayed by this species, I used an individual-based approach that had not previously been used with these indicators. In Chapter 6, I examined the use of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) activity in individual krill, explored the biochemistry underlying the assay, and suggested a modification to the method. This dissertation increases our understanding of how key zooplankton taxa are affected by seawater pH and the multiple pathways by which they can be affected. Additionally, this dissertation provides a basis for understanding how E. pacifica may be affected by OA in the future.
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