東華大學圖書館 |

Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration./
作者:	Barnes, Jessica Cavin.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	130 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-05B.
標題:	Geography. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=11007051
ISBN:	9780438597457

Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration.
Barnes, Jessica Cavin.

Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 130 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Given the scale and speed of contemporary environmental changes, intensive conservation interventions are increasingly being proposed that would help ecosystems and the services they provide keep pace with abiotic and biotic changes precipitated by anthropogenic activity. Ranging from assisted colonization and rewilding to facilitated adaptation and de-extinction, these efforts have been collectively and broadly referred to as resurrection science. Advances in genetics and genomics have opened new avenues for resurrection science and revolutionized the potential for directly manipulating the genetic composition of threatened populations in order to save them. These technologies are blurring battlelines in the wilderness debate, unearthing new dimensions of what constitutes a species, igniting new controversies over the scope of appropriate human intervention in natural systems, and challenging existing legal and institutional frameworks for governing science and nature. Although no genetically engineered organism has yet been released into wild environments for conservation purposes, transgenic American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) trees developed for restoring the functionally extinct species throughout its native range are currently positioned to be among the first. This dissertation uses the details of efforts to reintroduce disease-resistant American chestnut trees to consider three key questions that have emerged around resurrection science more generally. First, how will resurrected organisms fit into contemporary and future conditions within and beyond their historical environments? The extent of abiotic and biotic changes that have occurred in eastern forests since the decline of American chestnut, and the changes that are expected in the next century, will likely cause shifts in the distribution of suitable habitat for the species. Chapter 2 employs species distribution modeling to explore the nature of these shifts and their implications for restoration practice. While being explicit about the limitations of modeling, especially for American chestnut, this chapter argues that species distribution models offer a valuable tool for anticipatory and adaptive conservation governance. Second, in what ways does the application of genetic technoscience to conservation challenge or reify the political economy of plant biotechnology in agriculture? Although agricultural biotechnology has been heavily critiqued as a tool of neoliberalism, the use of genetic and genomic technologies in American chestnut restoration eschews some of the defining attributes of this approach to governance. Chapter 3 explains this apparent paradox by drawing on three years of qualitative social science research and engaging with critical theory on the nature of technologies and the nature of neoliberalism. Doing so illustrates both the value and the limitations of neoliberalism as a framework for understanding naturesociety relationships and points to locations for resisting the privatization, commodification, and commercialization of nature. And third, how can responsible decisions be made about the use of genetic technologies in conservation under high levels of uncertainty, novelty, and controversy? Drawing primarily on interviews with scientists involved in American chestnut restoration, Chapter 4 describes both key barriers to the reorientation of conservation towards the future and the ways in which the adoption of a long-term vision, the enrollment of non-experts in restoration science, the incorporation of local knowledge, and interdisciplinary engagement serve to - or could - improve the social and ecological outcomes of this and other resurrection projects.

ISBN: 9780438597457Subjects--Topical Terms:

524010
Geography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

American chestnut

Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration.
LDR:05102nmm a2200409 4500 001 2268498
005 20200824072317.5
008 220629s2018 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780438597457
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI11007051
035 $a AAI11007051
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Barnes, Jessica Cavin. $3 3545784
245 1 0 $a Engineering Conservation: The Biogeography, Biopolitics, and Biotechnology of American Chestnut Restoration.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2018
300 $a 130 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-05, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Delborne, Jason A.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2018.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a Given the scale and speed of contemporary environmental changes, intensive conservation interventions are increasingly being proposed that would help ecosystems and the services they provide keep pace with abiotic and biotic changes precipitated by anthropogenic activity. Ranging from assisted colonization and rewilding to facilitated adaptation and de-extinction, these efforts have been collectively and broadly referred to as resurrection science. Advances in genetics and genomics have opened new avenues for resurrection science and revolutionized the potential for directly manipulating the genetic composition of threatened populations in order to save them. These technologies are blurring battlelines in the wilderness debate, unearthing new dimensions of what constitutes a species, igniting new controversies over the scope of appropriate human intervention in natural systems, and challenging existing legal and institutional frameworks for governing science and nature. Although no genetically engineered organism has yet been released into wild environments for conservation purposes, transgenic American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) trees developed for restoring the functionally extinct species throughout its native range are currently positioned to be among the first. This dissertation uses the details of efforts to reintroduce disease-resistant American chestnut trees to consider three key questions that have emerged around resurrection science more generally. First, how will resurrected organisms fit into contemporary and future conditions within and beyond their historical environments? The extent of abiotic and biotic changes that have occurred in eastern forests since the decline of American chestnut, and the changes that are expected in the next century, will likely cause shifts in the distribution of suitable habitat for the species. Chapter 2 employs species distribution modeling to explore the nature of these shifts and their implications for restoration practice. While being explicit about the limitations of modeling, especially for American chestnut, this chapter argues that species distribution models offer a valuable tool for anticipatory and adaptive conservation governance. Second, in what ways does the application of genetic technoscience to conservation challenge or reify the political economy of plant biotechnology in agriculture? Although agricultural biotechnology has been heavily critiqued as a tool of neoliberalism, the use of genetic and genomic technologies in American chestnut restoration eschews some of the defining attributes of this approach to governance. Chapter 3 explains this apparent paradox by drawing on three years of qualitative social science research and engaging with critical theory on the nature of technologies and the nature of neoliberalism. Doing so illustrates both the value and the limitations of neoliberalism as a framework for understanding naturesociety relationships and points to locations for resisting the privatization, commodification, and commercialization of nature. And third, how can responsible decisions be made about the use of genetic technologies in conservation under high levels of uncertainty, novelty, and controversy? Drawing primarily on interviews with scientists involved in American chestnut restoration, Chapter 4 describes both key barriers to the reorientation of conservation towards the future and the ways in which the adoption of a long-term vision, the enrollment of non-experts in restoration science, the incorporation of local knowledge, and interdisciplinary engagement serve to - or could - improve the social and ecological outcomes of this and other resurrection projects.
590 $a School code: 0155.
650 4 $a Geography. $3 524010
650 4 $a Conservation biology. $3 535736
650 4 $a Environmental Studies. $3 1669635
653 $a American chestnut
653 $a Neoliberalism
653 $a biogeography
653 $a conservation
653 $a environmental governance
653 $a genetic engineering
690 $a 0366
690 $a 0408
690 $a 0477
710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $b Forestry and Environmental Resources. $3 3170942
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 80-05B.
790 $a 0155
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2018
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=11007051