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The Relative Roles of Shallow and De...

Yu, Haiyang.

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The Relative Roles of Shallow and Deep Convection in the Variabilities of the Eastern Pacific ITCZ.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Relative Roles of Shallow and Deep Convection in the Variabilities of the Eastern Pacific ITCZ./
作者:	Yu, Haiyang.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	128 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-10B.
標題:	Atmospheric sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13423743
ISBN:	9781392062647

The Relative Roles of Shallow and Deep Convection in the Variabilities of the Eastern Pacific ITCZ.
Yu, Haiyang.

The Relative Roles of Shallow and Deep Convection in the Variabilities of the Eastern Pacific ITCZ. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 128 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

The Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) provides a large source of latent heating that fuels the ascending branch of the Hadley circulation. It is responsible for the distribution of tropical climate and it impacts the global atmospheric circulation. Climate models have been suffering from the Pacific double Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bias for more than two decades. This model bias is believed to originate from atmospheric processes, especially the representation of convective activities in the models. Better understanding of the observed climatology and variability of the eastern Pacific ITCZ, especially the ITCZ south of the equator, is essential to reduce this model bias and simulate the observed variabilities. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and understand the seasonal and interannual variabilities of the eastern Pacific ITCZ. We show that the ITCZ south of the equator exhibits a seasonal stratocumulus-to-shallowcumulus-to-deep-convection transition from the boreal fall to the next boreal spring. Large-scale control factors of the seasonal variation are identified through analysis of the similarities and differences of this seasonal transition with the stratocumulus-to-shallow-cumulus-to-deepconvection spatial transition in the northeast Pacific. Model simulations on this seasonal transition were also examined to show that shallow convection plays an important role in model biases in simulating the ITCZ. The interannual variability of the eastern Pacific ITCZ and its cause were also studied. We show that the Pacific ITCZ in the boreal spring may appear as a single band of maximum precipitation north of the equator in some years while south of the equator in some other years; it may also appear as two bands of maximum precipitation on both sides of the equator, or double ITCZ. We show that the surface wind convergence induced by SST gradient is the key to understand this interannaul variability. The positive phase of the Modoki mode, in which SST anomaly in the central equatorial Pacific is positive, leads to a single ITCZ north of the equator, while the opposite phase of the Modoki mode leads to either a double ITCZ or amplified precipitation maximum in the equatorial southeast Pacific. This is in contrast to the eastern Pacific ENSO mode that favors a single ITCZ along the equator. These variabilities can be explained by the surface wind convergence associated with the remote impact of SST. Results are further confirmed by analysis of multi-model simulations and controlled numerical experiments.

ISBN: 9781392062647Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.

The Relative Roles of Shallow and Deep Convection in the Variabilities of the Eastern Pacific ITCZ.
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500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
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520 $a The Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) provides a large source of latent heating that fuels the ascending branch of the Hadley circulation. It is responsible for the distribution of tropical climate and it impacts the global atmospheric circulation. Climate models have been suffering from the Pacific double Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bias for more than two decades. This model bias is believed to originate from atmospheric processes, especially the representation of convective activities in the models. Better understanding of the observed climatology and variability of the eastern Pacific ITCZ, especially the ITCZ south of the equator, is essential to reduce this model bias and simulate the observed variabilities. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and understand the seasonal and interannual variabilities of the eastern Pacific ITCZ. We show that the ITCZ south of the equator exhibits a seasonal stratocumulus-to-shallowcumulus-to-deep-convection transition from the boreal fall to the next boreal spring. Large-scale control factors of the seasonal variation are identified through analysis of the similarities and differences of this seasonal transition with the stratocumulus-to-shallow-cumulus-to-deepconvection spatial transition in the northeast Pacific. Model simulations on this seasonal transition were also examined to show that shallow convection plays an important role in model biases in simulating the ITCZ. The interannual variability of the eastern Pacific ITCZ and its cause were also studied. We show that the Pacific ITCZ in the boreal spring may appear as a single band of maximum precipitation north of the equator in some years while south of the equator in some other years; it may also appear as two bands of maximum precipitation on both sides of the equator, or double ITCZ. We show that the surface wind convergence induced by SST gradient is the key to understand this interannaul variability. The positive phase of the Modoki mode, in which SST anomaly in the central equatorial Pacific is positive, leads to a single ITCZ north of the equator, while the opposite phase of the Modoki mode leads to either a double ITCZ or amplified precipitation maximum in the equatorial southeast Pacific. This is in contrast to the eastern Pacific ENSO mode that favors a single ITCZ along the equator. These variabilities can be explained by the surface wind convergence associated with the remote impact of SST. Results are further confirmed by analysis of multi-model simulations and controlled numerical experiments.
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