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Advances in Models for Assessing Int...

Koehn, Laura Elizabeth.

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Advances in Models for Assessing Interactions of Forage Fish and Their Predators and Application to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Advances in Models for Assessing Interactions of Forage Fish and Their Predators and Application to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM)./
作者:	Koehn, Laura Elizabeth.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	311 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-03A.
標題:	Aquatic sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13882230
ISBN:	9781085709453

Advances in Models for Assessing Interactions of Forage Fish and Their Predators and Application to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM).
Koehn, Laura Elizabeth.

Advances in Models for Assessing Interactions of Forage Fish and Their Predators and Application to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 311 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-03, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) involves considering tradeoffs between competing objectives in fisheries management. Forage fish world-wide are an important prey source for a wide range of predators but also support profitable fisheries. These two key ecosystem roles create potential tradeoffs; exemplifying a key EBFM issue. Commonly, large ecosystem models are used to explore these tradeoffs and interactions between forage fish, fisheries, and predators. However, structural assumptions of previous models create limitations for assessing tradeoffs. In this dissertation, I advance two models of varying complexity and apply a third, for the exploration of forage fish fishery-predator interactions, and reveal insights into these interactions that previous models could not. I explore forage fish-predator interactions through a large ecosystem food-web model with high taxonomic resolution of forage fish and their predators (Chapter 1) and potential tradeoffs of fisheries on these forage fish (Chapter 2). I also explore specific seabird-forage fish interactions through an ecological detailed seabird model (Chapter 3) and consider future avenues for EBFM implementation (Chapter 4). In the first chapter, I demonstrate that high model taxonomic resolution reveals lower ecological importance of individual forage species and lower reliance of predators on individual forage species (more generalist diets) in a large upwelling system, compared to models where species are aggregated into guilds. Though there are multiple pathways of energy flow in a system, Chapter 2 demonstrates that there are still tradeoffs to fishing forage fish, particularly large losses of non-market predators like seabirds and marine mammals. In many cases however, predator losses were only observed with increased fishing on a single forage fish species, so aggregation of forage fish species in models exaggerates tradeoffs of certain forage fish fisheries. Based on the key tradeoffs between forage fish catch and seabird conservation, in the third chapter, I demonstrate that in order to robustly apply ecologically-complex seabird models to further explore the impacts of forage fish availability on seabirds, more empirical information is needed on relationship between prey availability across a range of seabird demographic parameters. Finally, in the fourth chapter, I demonstrate that the capacity exists to apply a structured-decision making process for implementation of EBFM that explicitly addresses fishery tradeoffs. These results demonstrate the importance of constructing models around a specific question or objective to reveal insights into ecosystems that can help direct and focus future management and research.

ISBN: 9781085709453Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.

Advances in Models for Assessing Interactions of Forage Fish and Their Predators and Application to Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM).
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520 $a Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) involves considering tradeoffs between competing objectives in fisheries management. Forage fish world-wide are an important prey source for a wide range of predators but also support profitable fisheries. These two key ecosystem roles create potential tradeoffs; exemplifying a key EBFM issue. Commonly, large ecosystem models are used to explore these tradeoffs and interactions between forage fish, fisheries, and predators. However, structural assumptions of previous models create limitations for assessing tradeoffs. In this dissertation, I advance two models of varying complexity and apply a third, for the exploration of forage fish fishery-predator interactions, and reveal insights into these interactions that previous models could not. I explore forage fish-predator interactions through a large ecosystem food-web model with high taxonomic resolution of forage fish and their predators (Chapter 1) and potential tradeoffs of fisheries on these forage fish (Chapter 2). I also explore specific seabird-forage fish interactions through an ecological detailed seabird model (Chapter 3) and consider future avenues for EBFM implementation (Chapter 4). In the first chapter, I demonstrate that high model taxonomic resolution reveals lower ecological importance of individual forage species and lower reliance of predators on individual forage species (more generalist diets) in a large upwelling system, compared to models where species are aggregated into guilds. Though there are multiple pathways of energy flow in a system, Chapter 2 demonstrates that there are still tradeoffs to fishing forage fish, particularly large losses of non-market predators like seabirds and marine mammals. In many cases however, predator losses were only observed with increased fishing on a single forage fish species, so aggregation of forage fish species in models exaggerates tradeoffs of certain forage fish fisheries. Based on the key tradeoffs between forage fish catch and seabird conservation, in the third chapter, I demonstrate that in order to robustly apply ecologically-complex seabird models to further explore the impacts of forage fish availability on seabirds, more empirical information is needed on relationship between prey availability across a range of seabird demographic parameters. Finally, in the fourth chapter, I demonstrate that the capacity exists to apply a structured-decision making process for implementation of EBFM that explicitly addresses fishery tradeoffs. These results demonstrate the importance of constructing models around a specific question or objective to reveal insights into ecosystems that can help direct and focus future management and research.
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