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Perceived Control and Cognition: A M...
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Robinson, Stephanie A.
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Perceived Control and Cognition: A Multimethod Approach to Exploring Physical Activity as a Mechanism.
紀錄類型:
書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:
Perceived Control and Cognition: A Multimethod Approach to Exploring Physical Activity as a Mechanism./
作者:
Robinson, Stephanie A.
出版者:
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:
153 p.
附註:
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11, Section: B.
Contained By:
Dissertations Abstracts International79-11B.
標題:
Aging. -
電子資源:
http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10744613
ISBN:
9780355838268
Perceived Control and Cognition: A Multimethod Approach to Exploring Physical Activity as a Mechanism.
Robinson, Stephanie A.
Perceived Control and Cognition: A Multimethod Approach to Exploring Physical Activity as a Mechanism.
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 153 p.
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11, Section: B.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Brandeis University, 2018.
This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
Perceived control has been linked to enhanced cognitive health, however only recently have the mechanisms involved in this relationship been explored. One proposed mechanism is physical activity, as it is a well-established correlate of both perceived control and cognitive performance. Because physical activity, perceived control, and cognition all tend to decline with age, it is necessary to understand the possible mechanisms that can inform the development of interventions to help ameliorate such age-related declines. The objective of this research was to further understand the relationship and directionality between perceived control, physical activity, and cognitive health. Study 1 investigated long-term changes in this mediational relationship across 20 years in middle-aged and older adults (24-75 years) using the Midlife in the United States study (N=7108). Results of Study 1 showed that one's level of and change in perceived control predicted cognition 10 and 20 years later, and that this was mediated by level of and change in physical activity. Study 2 examined this relationship from a short-term, daily perspective over 7 days in a lifespan sample of adults (N=145, ranging from 22 to 95 years). Results demonstrated that on days in which one perceived more control they were more likely to engage in more physical activity, and on days in which one engaged in more physical activity they were more likely to demonstrate better cognitive functioning. Daily physical activity mediated the daily relationship between perceived control and cognition. Study 3 used an experimental approach to examine the relationships between perceived control, physical activity, and cognition with a 5-week implementation intention intervention that focused on reducing the perception of time-related constraints to engaging in physical activity in a sample of middle-aged adults (N=63, 35-69 years old). Participants were randomly assigned to either a control or intervention condition. Both conditions received a Fitbit to objectively measure their physical activity. After a one-week baseline, those in the intervention condition received the implementation intention intervention which had them prospectively plan how, where, and when they would add physical activity to their daily routine. Results revealed that those in the intervention condition significantly increased in steps and time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Additionally, the intervention condition demonstrated a significant increase in time-relevant exercise self-efficacy from pre- to post-test. This increase in time-relevant exercise self-efficacy was significantly related to a reduction in perceiving time as a barrier, as well as step goal achievement. There were no significant differences in cognition across time or between conditions, nor any direct or indirect effects between changes in perceived control, physical activity, or cognition. Overall, the results of this project demonstrate that physical activity acts as a mechanism in the relationship between perceived control and cognitive performance on both a long- and short-term basis. While we were unable to find evidence of this mediational relationship in our experimental paradigm, we were able to successfully increase participants' confidence in their ability to exercise under time-related constraints, as well as their engagement in physical activity. Our results support the relationship between perceived control and physical activity, and that physical activity plays a mediational role in the relationship between perceived control and cognition. Future work should continue developing and investigating experimental paradigms in which perceived control, physical activity, and cognition can be maintained and/or enhanced in adulthood.
ISBN: 9780355838268Subjects--Topical Terms:
543123
Aging.
Perceived Control and Cognition: A Multimethod Approach to Exploring Physical Activity as a Mechanism.
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Perceived control has been linked to enhanced cognitive health, however only recently have the mechanisms involved in this relationship been explored. One proposed mechanism is physical activity, as it is a well-established correlate of both perceived control and cognitive performance. Because physical activity, perceived control, and cognition all tend to decline with age, it is necessary to understand the possible mechanisms that can inform the development of interventions to help ameliorate such age-related declines. The objective of this research was to further understand the relationship and directionality between perceived control, physical activity, and cognitive health. Study 1 investigated long-term changes in this mediational relationship across 20 years in middle-aged and older adults (24-75 years) using the Midlife in the United States study (N=7108). Results of Study 1 showed that one's level of and change in perceived control predicted cognition 10 and 20 years later, and that this was mediated by level of and change in physical activity. Study 2 examined this relationship from a short-term, daily perspective over 7 days in a lifespan sample of adults (N=145, ranging from 22 to 95 years). Results demonstrated that on days in which one perceived more control they were more likely to engage in more physical activity, and on days in which one engaged in more physical activity they were more likely to demonstrate better cognitive functioning. Daily physical activity mediated the daily relationship between perceived control and cognition. Study 3 used an experimental approach to examine the relationships between perceived control, physical activity, and cognition with a 5-week implementation intention intervention that focused on reducing the perception of time-related constraints to engaging in physical activity in a sample of middle-aged adults (N=63, 35-69 years old). Participants were randomly assigned to either a control or intervention condition. Both conditions received a Fitbit to objectively measure their physical activity. After a one-week baseline, those in the intervention condition received the implementation intention intervention which had them prospectively plan how, where, and when they would add physical activity to their daily routine. Results revealed that those in the intervention condition significantly increased in steps and time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Additionally, the intervention condition demonstrated a significant increase in time-relevant exercise self-efficacy from pre- to post-test. This increase in time-relevant exercise self-efficacy was significantly related to a reduction in perceiving time as a barrier, as well as step goal achievement. There were no significant differences in cognition across time or between conditions, nor any direct or indirect effects between changes in perceived control, physical activity, or cognition. Overall, the results of this project demonstrate that physical activity acts as a mechanism in the relationship between perceived control and cognitive performance on both a long- and short-term basis. While we were unable to find evidence of this mediational relationship in our experimental paradigm, we were able to successfully increase participants' confidence in their ability to exercise under time-related constraints, as well as their engagement in physical activity. Our results support the relationship between perceived control and physical activity, and that physical activity plays a mediational role in the relationship between perceived control and cognition. Future work should continue developing and investigating experimental paradigms in which perceived control, physical activity, and cognition can be maintained and/or enhanced in adulthood.
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