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Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane ...

Zhang, Kaizhen.

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Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane Fusion.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane Fusion./
作者:	Zhang, Kaizhen.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
面頁冊數:	157 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-11B.
標題:	Mechanical engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=13861128
ISBN:	9781392151006

Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane Fusion.
Zhang, Kaizhen.

Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane Fusion. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 157 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northeastern University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

In nature, the fusion of bio-membranes, fluidic lipid bilayers embedding proteins, is critical for eukaryotic cells to perform various cell processes, such as endocytosis, exocytosis and fertilization. Moreover, the emerging studies on artificial membrane structures, such as for liposome-based drug delivery capsules for cancer therapy, makes it urgent to decipher the membrane fusion mechanics. This is a complex multi-physics process which includes, but is not limited to, lipid bilayer properties, surface adhesion and bio-mechanics. The conventional, theoretically-driven membrane fusion studies were based on the so-called stalk hypothesis with an assumed fusion pathway, including states of contact, stalk formation, hemi-fusion and full-fusion. Although the intermediate stalk and hemi-fusion structures have been observed and confirmed, the entire fusion pathway and the structure transitions has yet been proved experimentally.This dissertation addresses this problem by developing a new controllable and monitorable method to fuse a pair of giant unilamellar vesicles. This atomic force microscopy-based method is able to retain each stable state of membrane fusion and force them transition between those states, allowing one to focus on the energy barrier for the transition. Furthermore, a theoretical model based on the minimum potential energy is derived from the interfacial energy and elastic energy involved, to illuminate the fusion pathway energetics. This model emphasizes the membrane global deformation, instead of the local deformation in the stalk hypothesis, so that the role of the bilayer mechanical properties on the fusion energy is emphasized. Experimental results are consistent with the model, verifying that the property-dependent global deformation is critical to the membrane fusion energetics.Prior to modeling fusion of vesicles, a theoretical model is established to investigate the mechanics of a single vesicle sandwiched in between parallel plates. Serval well- established parallel plate compression models have been established, but their assumptions of simplified geometries and neglect of interfacial adhesive interactions make them unfit to illustrate the full, accurate, mechanics and deformation of the vesicle during the membrane fusion. Our new model stretches from the fundamental physics, like Young-Laplace, and takes the interfacial adhesion energy and actual vesicle geometry into account. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental results, and we believe the new model captures the fundamentals of the problem.In summary, this dissertation shows the significance of the lipid bilayer mechanical properties and interfacial energy in the membrane fusion process. It reveals the underlying physics and provides a valuable prototype - the fusion experiment - for the studies on the membrane fusion.

ISBN: 9781392151006Subjects--Topical Terms:

649730
Mechanical engineering.

Mechanics of Lipid Bilayer Membrane Fusion.
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520 $a In nature, the fusion of bio-membranes, fluidic lipid bilayers embedding proteins, is critical for eukaryotic cells to perform various cell processes, such as endocytosis, exocytosis and fertilization. Moreover, the emerging studies on artificial membrane structures, such as for liposome-based drug delivery capsules for cancer therapy, makes it urgent to decipher the membrane fusion mechanics. This is a complex multi-physics process which includes, but is not limited to, lipid bilayer properties, surface adhesion and bio-mechanics. The conventional, theoretically-driven membrane fusion studies were based on the so-called stalk hypothesis with an assumed fusion pathway, including states of contact, stalk formation, hemi-fusion and full-fusion. Although the intermediate stalk and hemi-fusion structures have been observed and confirmed, the entire fusion pathway and the structure transitions has yet been proved experimentally.This dissertation addresses this problem by developing a new controllable and monitorable method to fuse a pair of giant unilamellar vesicles. This atomic force microscopy-based method is able to retain each stable state of membrane fusion and force them transition between those states, allowing one to focus on the energy barrier for the transition. Furthermore, a theoretical model based on the minimum potential energy is derived from the interfacial energy and elastic energy involved, to illuminate the fusion pathway energetics. This model emphasizes the membrane global deformation, instead of the local deformation in the stalk hypothesis, so that the role of the bilayer mechanical properties on the fusion energy is emphasized. Experimental results are consistent with the model, verifying that the property-dependent global deformation is critical to the membrane fusion energetics.Prior to modeling fusion of vesicles, a theoretical model is established to investigate the mechanics of a single vesicle sandwiched in between parallel plates. Serval well- established parallel plate compression models have been established, but their assumptions of simplified geometries and neglect of interfacial adhesive interactions make them unfit to illustrate the full, accurate, mechanics and deformation of the vesicle during the membrane fusion. Our new model stretches from the fundamental physics, like Young-Laplace, and takes the interfacial adhesion energy and actual vesicle geometry into account. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental results, and we believe the new model captures the fundamentals of the problem.In summary, this dissertation shows the significance of the lipid bilayer mechanical properties and interfacial energy in the membrane fusion process. It reveals the underlying physics and provides a valuable prototype - the fusion experiment - for the studies on the membrane fusion.
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