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Geomorphic History and Chronology of...

Sion, Brad D.

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Geomorphic History and Chronology of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Socorro Area, Central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Geomorphic History and Chronology of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Socorro Area, Central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico./
作者:	Sion, Brad D.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	110 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International79-12B.
標題:	Geomorphology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10788641
ISBN:	9780355981490

Geomorphic History and Chronology of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Socorro Area, Central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico.
Sion, Brad D.

Geomorphic History and Chronology of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Socorro Area, Central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 110 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 79-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 2018.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Fluvial terraces in the central Rio Grande rift record important Quaternary climatic and tectonic signals. Age control among Rio Grande terrace sequences in central and southern New Mexico is limited, so regional correlations are unreliable and important process-related questions about the mechanisms and rates controlling terrace formation and deformation cannot be addressed. I present a terrace chronology from the central New Mexico Socorro Basin from 36Cl surfaceexposure and 14C ages to establish a firm foundation for Socorro Basin terrace stratigraphy, provide terrace correlations to adjacent rift basins, and test climate response models of terrace formation. Terrace stratigraphy and 36Cl ages imply climatic controls on river incision from terraces that have surface-exposure ages of 26-29, 64-70, and 135 ka. Carbon-14 ages from detrital charcoal show that the most recent aggradation event persisted until at least 3 ka during the transition from glacial to modern climate conditions. Our terrace chronology supports existing climate-response models of terrace formation in arid environments and links tributary responses to the axial Rio Grande system throughout the central Rio Grande rift. Soil characteristics from dated terrace surface provide rates of dust and carbonate accumulation for durations of 0.5-800 kyrs. Soil development in arid and semiarid regions of the southwestern United States is predominantly controlled by influx of eolian dust. I use the 36Cl and 14C soil ages presented in Chapter 2, coupled with soil textures and the profile development index (PDI), to estimate rates of soil development in the Socorro area. The silt-and-clay and profilemass carbonate contents of the soils increase with soil age and yield power-law slopes of 0.33-0.34. The PDIs also increase at rates of 0.33 with increasing soil age and can be used to roughly estimate the ages of undated soils. The rate of soil development in the Socorro area is less than that estimated for soils in higher latitude regions of New Mexico, but is roughly similar to that estimated for soils farther south. This may be due in part to a regional climate gradient presently manifested by greater mean annual precipitation and cooler mean annual temperatures at higher latitudes and/or slower rates of eolian dust accumulation into the soil profile. Rio Salado terraces preserved at the surface and above the Socorro magma body (SMB) provide paleo-geodetic markers to interrogate the longevity of magmatism in the Socorro area. High-resolution elevations from Rio Salado terraces that cross surface-uplift contours document a prehistoric surface-uplift event above the SMB. Longitudinal terrace patterns are consistent with an arching event that began after 26 ka and ceased before 3 ka and cannot be explained by tectonic or fluvial mechanisms. This late Pleistocene-early Holocene surface uplift is related to a magma-emplacement event that predates modern magmatism and is collocated with geodetic uplift. The two temporally distinct surface-uplift events likely record episodic intrusion below the Socorro area since late-Pleistocene time. Magmatic activity may be rejuvinated via a stationary plumbing system inferred from seismic data. This study shows that the magmatic source-feeder system is stable and active over timescales of 104 yrs and demonstrates the utility of terraces as strain markers of low-amplitude, large-wavelength deformation caused by mid-crustal magmatic activity.

ISBN: 9780355981490Subjects--Topical Terms:

542703
Geomorphology.

Geomorphic History and Chronology of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Socorro Area, Central Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico.
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