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Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pim...

Adhikari, Pragya.

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Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato./
Author:	Adhikari, Pragya.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	195 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-06(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-06B(E).
Subject:	Plant sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=11017864

Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato.
Adhikari, Pragya.

Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 195 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-06(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2018.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is the second most consumed vegetable in the US. The large-scale production of both fresh-market and processing tomatoes is challenged by several diseases including bacterial spot. Bacterial spot disease in tomato is caused by at least four species and four races of Xanthomonas species (Xs) with the distinct geographical distribution. Change in species structure and evolution of new races and strains is a continuous process. In this research, we sought to study the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of Xs strains in NC and characterize the predominant Xs races and species. We then explored the genetic resistance in tomato against the predominant race of Xs in NC. Additionally, we also discerned the genetic basis of diverse shapes, sizes, and color in the cultivated tomato as these traits often determine the market value and culinary purposes of the tomato. To characterize the bacterial spot pathogens, we collected 284 Xs strains from major tomato production regions of western NC. Copper and streptomycin sensitivity tests revealed that over 95% of the Xs strains were copper resistant while 25% and 45% were streptomycin resistant in 2016 and 2015 respectively. DNA fingerprint profiling with BOX repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (BOX-PCR) assay detected four haplotypes among Xs strains. The study on a subset of representative Xs strains (n = 45) identified Xs strains in NC as a single species, X. perforans (Xp) based on highly conserved hrpB7 gene sequences, while virulence of Xs strains on tomato differential cultivars confirmed ~91% and 9% of Xs strains were races T4 and T3, respectively. Additionally, phylogenetic and comparative sequence analysis of six genomic regions (fusA, gapA, gltA, gyrB, lacF, and lepA) suggested that 74% and 13% of Xp strains of NC were similar with tomato races T4 and T3 from Florida, respectively. This suggested that the best bacterial spot management practices in tomato in NC should be implemented with major focus on introducing host resistance against race T4 and by considering the challenges currently posed by the intense use of copper-based bactericides. To identify genomic regions associated with the genetic resistance to race T4, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed in an intraspecific recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population NC 10204 at F5 and F6 generations developed from a cross between two elite breeding lines- NC 30P x NC-22L (2008). Experiments were conducted in four environments including two locations over two years. Five major QTL on chromosome 1, 4, 6, 11, and 12, and one minor QTL on chromosome 2 were identified. The QTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, and 6 were also validated in an independent inter-specific population developed from the crossing of NC 1CELBR x PI 270443. The QTL on chromosome 6 explained the most substantial phenotypic variance (up to 26%) followed by the QTL on chromosome 1 (up to 23%) and the QTL on chromosome 4 (up to 15%). Since the donor of the resistance associated with these QTL is a released superior breeding line NC 30P, the donor parent and the QTL information will be useful to breed tomato against the bacterial spot disease. The NC 10204 population was also used to identify genomic regions controlling fruit size, shape, and color in tomato using precision phenotyping software Tomato Analyzer (TA). Four fruit size attributes on chromosome 2 explaining up to 20% of the phenotypic variance; three fruit shape attributes on chromosome 10 and 12 explaining up to 25% phenotypic variance; and threecolor attributes on chromosome 4, 9, and 6 explaining up to 21% of phenotypic variance were detected. Our study identified novel QTL controlling fruit shape attributes on chromosome 10 and 12, and also confirmed the previously detected genetic loci controlling fruit size and color in interspecific tomato population. This information will be useful to improve fruit shape in cultivated tomato.Subjects--Topical Terms:

3173832
Plant sciences.

Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato.
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245 1 0 $a Mapping QTL Derived from Solanum pimpinellifolium L3707 for Bacterial Spot Disease Resistance and Fruit Morphology in Tomato.
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300 $a 195 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-06(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Kent Burkey; Consuelo Arellano; Hamid Ashrafi; Frank Louws; Christopher Gunter; Dilip Panthee.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2018.
520 $a Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is the second most consumed vegetable in the US. The large-scale production of both fresh-market and processing tomatoes is challenged by several diseases including bacterial spot. Bacterial spot disease in tomato is caused by at least four species and four races of Xanthomonas species (Xs) with the distinct geographical distribution. Change in species structure and evolution of new races and strains is a continuous process. In this research, we sought to study the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of Xs strains in NC and characterize the predominant Xs races and species. We then explored the genetic resistance in tomato against the predominant race of Xs in NC. Additionally, we also discerned the genetic basis of diverse shapes, sizes, and color in the cultivated tomato as these traits often determine the market value and culinary purposes of the tomato. To characterize the bacterial spot pathogens, we collected 284 Xs strains from major tomato production regions of western NC. Copper and streptomycin sensitivity tests revealed that over 95% of the Xs strains were copper resistant while 25% and 45% were streptomycin resistant in 2016 and 2015 respectively. DNA fingerprint profiling with BOX repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (BOX-PCR) assay detected four haplotypes among Xs strains. The study on a subset of representative Xs strains (n = 45) identified Xs strains in NC as a single species, X. perforans (Xp) based on highly conserved hrpB7 gene sequences, while virulence of Xs strains on tomato differential cultivars confirmed ~91% and 9% of Xs strains were races T4 and T3, respectively. Additionally, phylogenetic and comparative sequence analysis of six genomic regions (fusA, gapA, gltA, gyrB, lacF, and lepA) suggested that 74% and 13% of Xp strains of NC were similar with tomato races T4 and T3 from Florida, respectively. This suggested that the best bacterial spot management practices in tomato in NC should be implemented with major focus on introducing host resistance against race T4 and by considering the challenges currently posed by the intense use of copper-based bactericides. To identify genomic regions associated with the genetic resistance to race T4, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed in an intraspecific recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population NC 10204 at F5 and F6 generations developed from a cross between two elite breeding lines- NC 30P x NC-22L (2008). Experiments were conducted in four environments including two locations over two years. Five major QTL on chromosome 1, 4, 6, 11, and 12, and one minor QTL on chromosome 2 were identified. The QTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, and 6 were also validated in an independent inter-specific population developed from the crossing of NC 1CELBR x PI 270443. The QTL on chromosome 6 explained the most substantial phenotypic variance (up to 26%) followed by the QTL on chromosome 1 (up to 23%) and the QTL on chromosome 4 (up to 15%). Since the donor of the resistance associated with these QTL is a released superior breeding line NC 30P, the donor parent and the QTL information will be useful to breed tomato against the bacterial spot disease. The NC 10204 population was also used to identify genomic regions controlling fruit size, shape, and color in tomato using precision phenotyping software Tomato Analyzer (TA). Four fruit size attributes on chromosome 2 explaining up to 20% of the phenotypic variance; three fruit shape attributes on chromosome 10 and 12 explaining up to 25% phenotypic variance; and threecolor attributes on chromosome 4, 9, and 6 explaining up to 21% of phenotypic variance were detected. Our study identified novel QTL controlling fruit shape attributes on chromosome 10 and 12, and also confirmed the previously detected genetic loci controlling fruit size and color in interspecific tomato population. This information will be useful to improve fruit shape in cultivated tomato.
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650 4 $a Plant pathology. $3 3174872
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 555447
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710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $3 1018772
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 79-06B(E).
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