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Evaluation, Improvement, and Applica...

Khan, Tanvir R.

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Evaluation, Improvement, and Application of Models of Environmental Fate and Transport of Atmosphere-Surface Exchangeable Pollutants (ASEPs).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Evaluation, Improvement, and Application of Models of Environmental Fate and Transport of Atmosphere-Surface Exchangeable Pollutants (ASEPs)./
作者:	Khan, Tanvir R.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	310 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-10B(E).
標題:	Environmental engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10791575
ISBN:	9780355979596

Evaluation, Improvement, and Application of Models of Environmental Fate and Transport of Atmosphere-Surface Exchangeable Pollutants (ASEPs).
Khan, Tanvir R.

Evaluation, Improvement, and Application of Models of Environmental Fate and Transport of Atmosphere-Surface Exchangeable Pollutants (ASEPs). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 310 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan Technological University, 2018.

Certain toxic, semivolatile chemicals, also known as atmosphere-surface exchangeable pollutants (ASEPs) are emitted into the environment from anthropogenic activities and natural sources. This dissertation focused on the (i) evaluation and improvement of dry particle deposition and atmosphere-surface exchange parameterizations of ASEPs for use in chemical transport models (CTMs), and (ii) application of a dynamic multimedia model to examine recovery of Lake Superior from historical inputs of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds (a class of ASEPs) contamination.

ISBN: 9780355979596Subjects--Topical Terms:

548583
Environmental engineering.

Evaluation, Improvement, and Application of Models of Environmental Fate and Transport of Atmosphere-Surface Exchangeable Pollutants (ASEPs).
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Judith Perlinger.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan Technological University, 2018.
520 $a Certain toxic, semivolatile chemicals, also known as atmosphere-surface exchangeable pollutants (ASEPs) are emitted into the environment from anthropogenic activities and natural sources. This dissertation focused on the (i) evaluation and improvement of dry particle deposition and atmosphere-surface exchange parameterizations of ASEPs for use in chemical transport models (CTMs), and (ii) application of a dynamic multimedia model to examine recovery of Lake Superior from historical inputs of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds (a class of ASEPs) contamination.
520 $a Current knowledge has been inadequate to propose quantitative measures of the relative performance of available dry particle deposition parameterizations. In Chapter 1 of this dissertation, five dry deposition parameterizations were evaluated against field observations across five land use categories, in terms their ability to reproduce observed deposition velocities, V d (accuracy), the influence of imprecision in input parameter values on the modeled Vd ( uncertainty), identification of the most influential parameter(s) (sensitivity), and complexity. Based on the evaluation, a recommendation for the superior parameterization for use in CTMs is made.
520 $a In most CTMs, current parameterizations of atmosphere-terrestrial surface exchange of elemental mercury (Hg0) lack critical evaluation against field measurements. In Chapter 2 of this dissertation, an extensive evaluation of most commonly used resistance-based dry gaseous deposition and soil re-emission parameterizations (base model) of Hg0 was performed using a direct comparison to micrometeorological flux measurements from two ecosystems. This evaluation elucidated two major shortcomings of the base model: significant overestimation of leaf Hg uptake in summer month and an inability of capture measured nighttime net depositions. A step-wise model calibration was performed to adjust certain stomatal, non-stomatal, and soil re-emission parameters of the base model, which enabled an improved prediction of measured net exchange fluxes and growing-season leaf Hg accumulation. Based on the evaluation, generic recommendations for improvement in modeling Hg 0 exchange for CTMs were made.
520 $a Despite the U.S. production ban on PCBs in 1979, the measured concentrations in Lake Superior fish exhibited only a slow decline over the last 20 years. Sediment recycling of PCBs is often invoked to explain this slow recovery in fish PCB concentrations. In Chapter 3 of this dissertation, a dynamic multimedia model was applied to investigate the observed leveling-off of fish PCB concentrations in Lake Superior. Using historical to present-day PCB emissions (1930--2013) as the primary input in the multimedia model, the long-term trends in predicted PCB concentrations in different environmental media (water, sediment, and biota) were compared with available measurements for Lake Superior. The model-predicted half-life of total PCBs in fish was not consistent with the observations, suggesting that food web changes in the lake may be affecting trajectories of PCB concentrations in fish.
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