東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

Changes in Temperature and Precipita...

Zhou, Xin.

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate./
作者:	Zhou, Xin.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
面頁冊數:	140 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-11B(E).
標題:	Atmospheric sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10823303
ISBN:	9780438149458

Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate.
Zhou, Xin.

Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 140 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2018.

Temperature and precipitation extremes are strongly modulated by the diurnal cycle; therefore, such extremes are better represented using sub-daily data. However, future projections of temperature and precipitation extremes have been mostly assessed using the daily output of general circulation models (GCMs) which do not adequately simulate sub-daily processes. In this study, sub-daily temperature and precipitation extremes in response to warmer sea-surface-temperature (SST) are investigated on a global scale using super-parameterized (SP) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), in which a cloud-resolving model is embedded in each CAM grid column to simulate convections explicitly. Also, to better understand physical processes that lead to precipitation extremes, idealized simulations of a squall-line using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are analyzed.

ISBN: 9780438149458Subjects--Topical Terms:

3168354
Atmospheric sciences.

Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate.
LDR:05964nmm a2200325 4500 001 2201197
005 20190405084501.5
008 201008s2018 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9780438149458
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI10823303
035 $a (MiAaPQ)grad.sunysb:13775
035 $a AAI10823303
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Zhou, Xin. $3 1260158
245 1 0 $a Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in a Warmer Climate.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2018
300 $a 140 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-11(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Marat Khairoutdinov; Brian Colle.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2018.
520 $a Temperature and precipitation extremes are strongly modulated by the diurnal cycle; therefore, such extremes are better represented using sub-daily data. However, future projections of temperature and precipitation extremes have been mostly assessed using the daily output of general circulation models (GCMs) which do not adequately simulate sub-daily processes. In this study, sub-daily temperature and precipitation extremes in response to warmer sea-surface-temperature (SST) are investigated on a global scale using super-parameterized (SP) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), in which a cloud-resolving model is embedded in each CAM grid column to simulate convections explicitly. Also, to better understand physical processes that lead to precipitation extremes, idealized simulations of a squall-line using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are analyzed.
520 $a During the first phase of this study, two 10-years SP-CAM simulations have been performed using present climatological SST and perturbed SST climatology derived from the RCP8.5 scenario. For comparison, similar simulations have been done using standard CAM. The temperature and precipitation extremes have been defined by the 99th percentile of the 3-hourly data. For temperature, the changes in the warm and cold extremes are generally consistent between two models, with larger changes in warm extremes at low latitudes and larger changes in cold extremes at mid-to-high latitudes. For precipitation, CAM predicts a uniform increase of the frequency of precipitation extremes regardless of the rain rate, while SP-CAM predicts a monotonic increase of frequency with increasing rain rate and larger change of intensity for heavier precipitation. While the changes in 3-hourly and daily temperature extremes are found to be similar, the 3-hourly precipitation extremes have significantly larger fractional changes than daily extremes. The Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) scaling is found to be a relatively good predictor of zonally-averaged changes in precipitation extremes over mid-latitudes, but not so good over tropics and subtropics. The changes in precipitable water and large-scale vertical velocity are equally important to explain the changes in precipitation extremes.
520 $a During the second phase, two 30-year SP-CAM simulations have been conducted with a similar model configuration as the 10-year experiment except that the SST time series are used for the control run and a uniformed SST warming is added in the perturbed run to retain the same climate variabilities. The changes in the sub-daily temperature and precipitation extremes of the 30-year experiment are quantitively similar to the 10-year experiment. In the warmer climate, the consecutive spells of daily warm extremes become longer and more frequent while the spells of cold extremes disappear globally. For the extreme precipitation spells defined by the total rain amount, the exceptionally heavy spells increase while the moderate-and-long-lasting spells decrease in a warmer climate. The robust patterns of precipitation variabilities driven by El Nino - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were reproduced in SP-CAM with the increased precipitation over the central and eastern equatorial Pacific and drying over the western Pacific during the El Nino in each season. In comparison, the ENSO-driven variabilities of precipitation extremes have smaller amplitude and vary with the seasonal shift of SST anomalies. Both the variabilities of the mean and extreme precipitation amplify in a warmer climate due to the increased water content even when the ENSO SST pattern is fixed. The anomalies of the maximum usable convective available potential energy (MCAPE) related to the mean and extreme precipitation during the El Nino have a positive shift, which indicates a more convective-favorable environment in the warmer climate during El Nino.
520 $a Finally, the global simulations have been complemented by an ensemble of squall line simulations using the WRF model with 1 km grid spacing. Grid-based definitions of precipitation extremes are, generally, not applicable for cloud-resolving simulations as the grid-based precipitation represents sub-cloud-scale features rather than the extreme precipitating-system. The accumulated precipitation over the entire squall line domain shows robust changes that exceed CC prediction among multiple microphysics used. Several scaling parameters have been developed based on the water budget equation to scale the changes in precipitation extremes. The explicit partitioning of the precipitation extremes from the squall line suggests that the thermodynamic changes in precipitation extremes are positive and are well predicted by the CC relation. In comparison, the dynamic changes in precipitation extremes vary substantially among different cases, and the positive contribution of the dynamic changes leads to the super CC scaling of the changes in precipitation extremes.
590 $a School code: 0771.
650 4 $a Atmospheric sciences. $3 3168354
690 $a 0725
710 2 $a State University of New York at Stony Brook. $b Marine and Atmospheric Science. $3 1683777
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 79-11B(E).
790 $a 0771
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2018
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10823303