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THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ...

HUENEMANN, RALPH WILLIAM.

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THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937./
作者:	HUENEMANN, RALPH WILLIAM.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 1982,
面頁冊數:	540 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 43-02, Section: A, page: 5110.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International43-02A.
標題:	Economic history. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=8216218

THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937.
HUENEMANN, RALPH WILLIAM.

THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 1982 - 540 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 43-02, Section: A, page: 5110.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 1982.

The literature on China's railroads has long asserted that prior to 1949 the iron horse offered China no economic benefits and may have done substantial harm. However, much of this literature is deeply flawed, both by its distortion of the facts and by the inadequacies of its analytical framework. A fundamental source of confusion and error has been the failure to distinguish financial issues from economic ones.Subjects--Topical Terms:

548503
Economic history.

THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937.
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100 1 $a HUENEMANN, RALPH WILLIAM. $3 3427477
245 1 4 $a THE DRAGON AND THE IRON HORSE: THE ECONOMICS OF RAILROADS IN CHINA, 1876-1937.
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300 $a 540 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 43-02, Section: A, page: 5110.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 1982.
520 $a The literature on China's railroads has long asserted that prior to 1949 the iron horse offered China no economic benefits and may have done substantial harm. However, much of this literature is deeply flawed, both by its distortion of the facts and by the inadequacies of its analytical framework. A fundamental source of confusion and error has been the failure to distinguish financial issues from economic ones.
520 $a To understand the railways' financial history, it is useful to explore both costs and revenues. Major influences on the level of costs were the interest rates in Europe, the oligopoly in treaty port banking, featherbedding, taxes, regional variations in fuel prices, differences in terrain and scantlings, and the impact of shifts in the foreign exchange rate. As can readily be seen, some of these factors reflected real differences in resource requirements, while others were merely mechanisms for extracting rents. On the revenue side, the most severe problems were caused by warlord disruptions, but in more peaceful circumstances the major influences on revenue were geographic factors and pricing policy.
520 $a An economic evaluation of the railways is more difficult to carry out than a financial study. How can we measure the impact that the foreign-built railroads had on aggregate Chinese incomes? The direct way would be to measure the change in domestic income brought about by the railroads, deduct the payments that accrued to foreigners, and then see if any net benefit remained for the Chinese. An indirect way would be to use a concept somewhat analogous to "consumers surplus." Using a simple numerical fable to illustrate the argument, I explore the meaning and limitations of both the direct and indirect approaches. The outcome of these calculations is to suggest that the railways did lead to an increase in national income. A careful reading of the supporting argument will make it clear that the numerical results are not to be accepted uncritically. But these results should make us skeptical of the arrogant claim that "diese Lehre Lenins ist allmachtig, weil sie richtig ist.".
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