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Participation, pricing and perceptio...

Bejarano, Hernan Daniel.

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Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities./
作者:	Bejarano, Hernan Daniel.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2013,
面頁冊數:	184 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-10(E), Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International76-10A(E).
標題:	Environmental economics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3709957
ISBN:	9781321857634

Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities.
Bejarano, Hernan Daniel.

Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2013 - 184 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-10(E), Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2013.

No one enjoys getting stuck in traffic or drinking water that has been contaminated by animal waste. Aside from being pervasive and persistent nuisances, both traffic congestion and agricultural water pollution are the consequences of missing markets that result in negative externalities. Effective and politically acceptable solutions have been illusive for both. This dissertation presents three essays that address the design of policies for externalities using traffic congestion and agricultural water pollution as contexts.

ISBN: 9781321857634Subjects--Topical Terms:

535179
Environmental economics.

Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities.
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245 1 0 $a Participation, pricing and perception in markets with externalities.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2013
300 $a 184 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-10(E), Section: A.
500 $a Adviser: James Shortle.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2013.
520 $a No one enjoys getting stuck in traffic or drinking water that has been contaminated by animal waste. Aside from being pervasive and persistent nuisances, both traffic congestion and agricultural water pollution are the consequences of missing markets that result in negative externalities. Effective and politically acceptable solutions have been illusive for both. This dissertation presents three essays that address the design of policies for externalities using traffic congestion and agricultural water pollution as contexts.
520 $a The first essay initiates a lab experiment of a market entry game (MEG). MEG models create a setting where many individuals must simultaneously choose between two options. One of the options has a large potential but uncertain payoff. The other has a certain payoff that is independent of the others' choices. The first goal of this MEG is to test if simple policies, such as entry fees or subsidies, can be designed to induce optimal entry. To perform this test, the canonical MEG is revised by introducing uniform entry fees --- entry fees that are equal to all entrants. The second goal of the essay is to explore whether capacity uncertainty affects the choices. A new treatment in which market capacity is introduced as a random variable is used to achieve this goal.
520 $a The second essay presents an experimental test of a Pay-for-performance (PFP) mechanisms conducted with students and farmers. PFP are a class of policy instruments designed to increase (decrease) private voluntary provision of limited amounts of public goods (bads). This paper presents an artefactual field experiment conducted with farmers and students to examine the effects of strategic uncertainty on participation and efficiency of PFP mechanism. In this paper, we present an artefactual field experiment conducted with farmers and students. Subjects choose whether to participate in a 2-by-2 Bayesian game with private values (PVPG). Payoffs for those who choose to participate depend on the private value and others' participation choices, while the payoffs from nonparticipation are certain. Two PVPG experimental tasks with different feedback conditions and two treatments with High and Low participation payments were played by every subject.
520 $a Finally, the third essay describes a naturally occurring field experiment in Lima, Peru to assess if and how taxi drivers transfer congestion costs to customers. The experiment involved collaborators hailing taxis and negotiating fares at different times of day between specific locations with alternative route choices as treatments. A total of 1100 trips were conducted following the same bargaining protocol and the randomly assigned route treatments, from which taxi fares, travel times and routing decisions were collected. Results show that taxi drivers request fares that discriminate between routes that take longer travel times, but do not request enough to prevent earnings per minute from decreasing. Fares for congested trips are one third lower than metered fares constructed estimates. Insufficiency of fares increment during peak collaborators hours could be generated by either highly competitive market conditions, failure to perceive longer travel times or a combination of both. Customer waiting time and proportions of taxis over total traffic support the idea that drivers might perceive peak traffic hours as a competitive market therefore only partially transferring the cost of congestion into fares. These results highlight that unregulated taxi systems are successful at generating incentives for taxi drivers to make optimal routing decisions. However, they fail to improve traffic miscoordination because taxi driver misperceptions are left uncorrected. Real time routing and taxi market information technology could be used to improve the overall use of traffic network capacity.
520 $a The dissertation combines of three types of experiments, ranging from traditional laboratory experiments to naturally occurring field experiments, allowed me to observe how different experimental methods, with different subject samples and different degrees of control over external variables, could be used as tool to study different markets with externalities. This dissertation highlights how a combination of different methodologies, conducted over different pool of subjects, be it students, farmers or taxi drivers, should be used to better understand how individuals perceive and choose to act when the actions of other subjects affect their earnings. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
590 $a School code: 0176.
650 4 $a Environmental economics. $3 535179
650 4 $a Economics. $3 517137
650 4 $a Natural resource management. $3 589570
650 4 $a Economic theory. $3 1556984
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710 2 $a The Pennsylvania State University. $3 699896
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 76-10A(E).
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2013
793 $a English
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