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Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and it...

Engman, Augustin Clark.

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Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones./
作者:	Engman, Augustin Clark.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
面頁冊數:	170 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-10B(E).
標題:	Ecology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10610706
ISBN:	9781369855890

Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones.
Engman, Augustin Clark.

Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 170 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2017.

Amphidromous fishes are ubiquitous on oceanic tropical islands where they typically dominate native stream fish richness. They are also a major component of stream fish assemblages in some continental tropical islands, temperate island chains, and in tropical coastal continental areas. In amphidromy, eggs are spawned in freshwater streams, and larvae drift to the ocean. After an oceanic pelagic larval phase, they transition to postlarvae, and migrate back into freshwater where they grow to adults. Despite the fact that amphidromous fishes are threatened, ecologically important, and culturally significant components of many stream communities, their early life history stages are understudied, especially in the Caribbean region.

ISBN: 9781369855890Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.

Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones.
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245 1 0 $a Amphidromous Fish Recruitment and its Ecological Role in Caribbean Freshwater-Marine Ecotones.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-10(E), Section: B.
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520 $a Amphidromous fishes are ubiquitous on oceanic tropical islands where they typically dominate native stream fish richness. They are also a major component of stream fish assemblages in some continental tropical islands, temperate island chains, and in tropical coastal continental areas. In amphidromy, eggs are spawned in freshwater streams, and larvae drift to the ocean. After an oceanic pelagic larval phase, they transition to postlarvae, and migrate back into freshwater where they grow to adults. Despite the fact that amphidromous fishes are threatened, ecologically important, and culturally significant components of many stream communities, their early life history stages are understudied, especially in the Caribbean region.
520 $a My research quantifies the postlarval recruit abundance, recruitment phenology, and pelagic larval duration of several amphidromous fish species in multiple rivers in Puerto Rico and explores the effects of environmental variables on recruit abundances. I use stable isotope and contaminant analyses to infer the larval habitats of amphidromous fishes and the role of postlarvae as nutrient and contaminant biotransport vectors. I also determine the role of postlarval amphidromous fish recruitment in the fish assemblage structure and trophic ecology of a Caribbean freshwater--marine ecotone. Finally, I compare postlarval densities in multiple rivers, explore how watershed-scale habitat characteristics are related to recruit abundance in two goby taxa, and describe the riverine microhabitats that are utilized by amphidromous gobioid postlarvae during recruitment and upstream migration.
520 $a My study of postlarval recruit abundance, recruitment phenology, and pelagic larval durations revealed that two taxa---River Goby Awaous banana and Sirajo Goby Sicydium spp.---are exceptionally abundant as postlarvae in Puerto Rico rivers. They recruit in pulses that are periodic at annual and lunar scales. Peak recruitment of River Goby and Sirajo Goby occurred during the last-quarter moon phase from June through January in the Caribbean. River Goby and Sirajo Goby recruit abundances varied between rivers, were greater at dawn than dusk, and are positively related to river discharge. The pelagic larval durations of four amphidromous fish taxa spanned a minimum of 28 to a maximum of 103 days with means between 43.1 and 65.2 days.
520 $a Stable isotope analyses indicated that recruiting postlarval amphidromous fishes are derived from marine organic matter sources, rather than riverine. Contaminant analyses revealed that Sirajo Goby postlarvae do not contain high loads of anthropogenic pollutants. Thus, amphidromous fish recruitment is a periodically available marine subsidy to tropical estuaries and streams that is not of ecological or human health concern. The study of the trophic-ecology effects of amphidromous fish recruitment revealed major changes in the diets of several freshwater--marine ecotone predator fish species, which are related to the consumption of amphidromous gobioids. The fish assemblage structure and distribution of individual predator species in this ecotone remained stable throughout a mass-recruitment event.
520 $a My study of postlarval habitat use indicated that recruit abundances of gobies are distinct among Puerto Rico rivers, and mean recruit densities of Sirajo Goby are correlated with river mouth location. In general, gobioid postlarvae at river mouths occupy low velocity waters with downstream flow direction and low salinities, and were found over sand substrates. River Goby at upstream locations occupied low velocity freshwaters, with upstream flow direction over sand substrates.
520 $a The findings and conclusions presented here quantitatively describe the ecological function of amphidromous fish recruitment and can be used to identify critical times to maintain river-ocean connectivy and stream flow for the benefit of the amphidromous fish migration and population dynamics and provide novel information on Caribbean gobioid recruitment habitat requirements. These results may guide Caribbean stream ecosystem conservation and management to ensure the viability of amphidromous fish populations and enhance the sustainability of the ecosystem functions and services that they provide.
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650 4 $a Natural resource management. $3 589570
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710 2 $a North Carolina State University. $b Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology. $3 3172526
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