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Copper, copper cash, and government ...

Shulman, Anna See Ping Leon.

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Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795)./
作者:	Shulman, Anna See Ping Leon.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 1989,
面頁冊數:	352 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 50-07, Section: A, page: 2205.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International50-07A.
標題:	Asian history. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=8924233

Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795).
Shulman, Anna See Ping Leon.

Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795). - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 1989 - 352 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 50-07, Section: A, page: 2205.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 1989.

This dissertation presents a case study of the government's administrative controls over copper and copper cash during the early and mid-Ch'ing periods. The widespread popular trust in copper cash (China's basic form of currency for over 2,000 years) and the Manchus' retention of many Ming period institutions in order to gain the loyalty of their Chinese subjects were the principal reasons for its continued use after 1644. How to insure a constant supply of copper sufficient to mint the cash needed by the populace accordingly became a major Ch'ing government concern.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1099323
Asian history.

Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795).
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245 1 0 $a Copper, copper cash, and government controls in Ch'ing China (1644-1795).
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 1989
300 $a 352 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 50-07, Section: A, page: 2205.
500 $a Chairman: Kenneth Folsom.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 1989.
520 $a This dissertation presents a case study of the government's administrative controls over copper and copper cash during the early and mid-Ch'ing periods. The widespread popular trust in copper cash (China's basic form of currency for over 2,000 years) and the Manchus' retention of many Ming period institutions in order to gain the loyalty of their Chinese subjects were the principal reasons for its continued use after 1644. How to insure a constant supply of copper sufficient to mint the cash needed by the populace accordingly became a major Ch'ing government concern.
520 $a Even though mining technology remained underdeveloped during the Ch'ing period, copper production was greatly expanded in the province of Yunnan. Most of this copper was designated for use by the cash minting bureaus in Peking and several provinces. Government efforts to maintain and increase the output of Yunnan's copper mines included the dispatch of officials to oversee their operations and the provision of financial assistance to mine investors. The sale and transportation of vast quantities of copper were regulated, high-ranking officials were required to keep the throne informed of the progress of copper shipments en route to Peking, and individuals responsible for the late arrival or for shortages of copper were punished.
520 $a Copper was also procured from Japan. Both private and government-sponsored merchants were authorized to trade for copper at Nagasaki after 1684. Japanese restrictions on copper exports to China in 1715, however, led to increased reliance on the copper available from Yunnan.
520 $a By insuring a constant supply of copper cash for China's market economy, the Ch'ing government sought to maintain stable economic conditions and thereby perpetuate its rule. The backwardness in minting technology combined with government corruption and the government's acquiescence in the circulation of privately-minted copper coins, however, undermined its efforts to eliminate the illegal minting and melting of copper cash and constituted an ongoing problem. When China was confronted with the nineteenth-century intrusion of the West, the threats to her economic welfare increased and ultimately contributed to the fall of the imperial dynasty.
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