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Examining the Role of Network Struct...

Siripong, Nalyn.

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Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities./
作者:	Siripong, Nalyn.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2017,
面頁冊數:	108 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-11B(E).
標題:	Epidemiology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10268813
ISBN:	9781369875164

Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities.
Siripong, Nalyn.

Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2017 - 108 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2017.

While HIV growth has slowed globally, new HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs (PWID) continue to emerge [1-4]. These epidemics are marked by periods of unusually rapid growth, where HIV increases from virtually 0% to 20-50% within 3-6 years [5-6]. In concentrated epidemics, HIV epidemics among PWID could precipitate larger-scale heterosexual epidemics [7-10], which further underscores the urgent need to find effective ways to reach and deliver prevention services to PWID.

ISBN: 9781369875164Subjects--Topical Terms:

568544
Epidemiology.

Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities.
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245 1 0 $a Examining the Role of Network Structure in HIV Trnamission Among People Who Inject Drugs in the Philippines: A Tale of Two Cities.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Brian W. Pence.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2017.
520 $a While HIV growth has slowed globally, new HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs (PWID) continue to emerge [1-4]. These epidemics are marked by periods of unusually rapid growth, where HIV increases from virtually 0% to 20-50% within 3-6 years [5-6]. In concentrated epidemics, HIV epidemics among PWID could precipitate larger-scale heterosexual epidemics [7-10], which further underscores the urgent need to find effective ways to reach and deliver prevention services to PWID.
520 $a We studied the emergence of HIV among PWID in two cities in the Philippines. The epidemic began in Cebu City, where HIV prevalence grew from 0.6% in 2009 to 50% in 2010 [11]. Expanded surveillance in neighboring Mandaue City found more limited spread of infection, with HIV prevalence reaching only 3.5% in 2011[12], rising to 38% in 2013 [13]. We used exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to simulate network structures and assess whether differences in network structure could explain variation in HIV prevalence patterns in the two cities. We further analyzed genetic sequencing data to consider the extent of overlap or linkage between networks.
520 $a Simulated networks showed distinct differences between the two cities. We found smaller network components in Mandaue than in Cebu (1082 v 2980), which may explain the limited spread of HIV there. We also found that Cebu networks exhibited higher degree (21.5 v 10.8), lower clustering (0.29 v 0.39), and shorter average paths (3.3 v 3.8), all of which would facilitate rapid spread of infection across the network. A phylogenetic tree showed high bootstrap support for a large cluster of HIV infections (N = 172), predominantly from PWID from Cebu and Mandaue (85%), which suggests that HIV infection in the two cities arose from a common source infection.
520 $a This work suggests that the emergence of a rapidly growing epidemic among PWID in Cebu City spread to Mandaue City, but network structures initially prevented growth of infection. The fragmented network in Mandaue initially prevented penetration of infection into the connected portion of the network. Future work applying transmission modeling to these networks may offer important insights to the role of networks on HIV in these populations.
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