東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

Metabolic engineering and systems bi...

Jinkerson, Robert Edward.

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae./
作者:	Jinkerson, Robert Edward.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2014,
面頁冊數:	255 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-07(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-07B(E).
標題:	Biochemistry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3615846
ISBN:	9781303823411

Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae.
Jinkerson, Robert Edward.

Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2014 - 255 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-07(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Colorado School of Mines, 2014.

The saccharification of starch coupled with fermentation to ethanol and the transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel are mature technologies that currently provide the majority of biofuels in the United States. However, traditional food-based starch and oil feedstocks, such as corn and soybean, cannot meet our current fuel demands and their use remains controversial. Microalgae have been of recent interest for use as a biofuel feedstock because they can produce large quantities of carbohydrates and lipids, contain little recalcitrant biomass, and do not impact the food supply. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the primary carbohydrate produced is starch and the primary storage lipid produced is triacylglyceride (TAG), but high yields of these bioenergy carriers are usually only found under conditions of nutrient stress (N, S, P). As a strategy for increasing TAG yields, starchless mutants that divert carbon away from starch biosynthesis and into TAG production were investigated. These starchless mutants produce more TAG than wildtype, but at the expense of total productivity and lower overall anabolic activity. To increase starch levels, a native enzyme key to starch biosynthesis, isoamylase 1 (ISA1), was introduced into these algae which resulted in starch excess phenotypes. These mutant strains accumulate 3 to 4 fold more total glucan under nutrient-replete conditions by diverting metabolic flux into starch biosynthesis at the expense of cell division and protein synthesis. The starches produced by these algae are more crystalline and larger in size than wildtype. None of the current genetically-tractable model algal species are competitive TAG production strains. To alleviate this the commercially cultivated, oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP526 was developed into a new model algal species for investigating TAG production. The genome and transcriptome was sequence and assembled, gene models developed, and metabolic pathways in this organism were reconstructed. Phylogenomic analysis identified genetic attributes of this organism, including gene expansions and unique stramenopile photosynthesis genes, that may explain the distinguishing oleaginous phenotypes observed. The availability of a genome sequence and transformation method are facilitating investigations into N. gaditana lipid biosynthesis and will permit genetic engineering strategies to further improve this naturally productive algal strain.

ISBN: 9781303823411Subjects--Topical Terms:

518028
Biochemistry.

Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae.
LDR:03495nmm a2200313 4500 001 2117545
005 20170530090058.5
008 180830s2014 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781303823411
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3615846
035 $a AAI3615846
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Jinkerson, Robert Edward. $3 3279322
245 1 0 $a Metabolic engineering and systems biology for increasing biofuel production in microalgae.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2014
300 $a 255 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-07(E), Section: B.
500 $a Includes supplementary digital materials.
500 $a Adviser: Matthew C. Posewitz.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Colorado School of Mines, 2014.
520 $a The saccharification of starch coupled with fermentation to ethanol and the transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel are mature technologies that currently provide the majority of biofuels in the United States. However, traditional food-based starch and oil feedstocks, such as corn and soybean, cannot meet our current fuel demands and their use remains controversial. Microalgae have been of recent interest for use as a biofuel feedstock because they can produce large quantities of carbohydrates and lipids, contain little recalcitrant biomass, and do not impact the food supply. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the primary carbohydrate produced is starch and the primary storage lipid produced is triacylglyceride (TAG), but high yields of these bioenergy carriers are usually only found under conditions of nutrient stress (N, S, P). As a strategy for increasing TAG yields, starchless mutants that divert carbon away from starch biosynthesis and into TAG production were investigated. These starchless mutants produce more TAG than wildtype, but at the expense of total productivity and lower overall anabolic activity. To increase starch levels, a native enzyme key to starch biosynthesis, isoamylase 1 (ISA1), was introduced into these algae which resulted in starch excess phenotypes. These mutant strains accumulate 3 to 4 fold more total glucan under nutrient-replete conditions by diverting metabolic flux into starch biosynthesis at the expense of cell division and protein synthesis. The starches produced by these algae are more crystalline and larger in size than wildtype. None of the current genetically-tractable model algal species are competitive TAG production strains. To alleviate this the commercially cultivated, oleaginous alga Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP526 was developed into a new model algal species for investigating TAG production. The genome and transcriptome was sequence and assembled, gene models developed, and metabolic pathways in this organism were reconstructed. Phylogenomic analysis identified genetic attributes of this organism, including gene expansions and unique stramenopile photosynthesis genes, that may explain the distinguishing oleaginous phenotypes observed. The availability of a genome sequence and transformation method are facilitating investigations into N. gaditana lipid biosynthesis and will permit genetic engineering strategies to further improve this naturally productive algal strain.
590 $a School code: 0052.
650 4 $a Biochemistry. $3 518028
650 4 $a Botany. $3 516217
650 4 $a Chemistry. $3 516420
690 $a 0487
690 $a 0309
690 $a 0485
710 2 $a Colorado School of Mines. $b Chemistry and Geochemistry. $3 2093552
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-07B(E).
790 $a 0052
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2014
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3615846