東華大學圖書館 |

語系: 繁體中文

說明(常見問題)

回圖書館首頁

手機版館藏查詢

登入

回首頁

切換: 標籤 | MARC模式 | ISBD

Axonal interferon responses and alph...

Song, Ren.

FindBook

Google Book

Amazon

博客來

Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion./
作者:	Song, Ren.
面頁冊數:	199 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International77-10B(E).
標題:	Virology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10120365
ISBN:	9781339815473

Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion.
Song, Ren.

Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion. - 199 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2016.

Infection by alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV), typically begins at a peripheral epithelial surface and continues into the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that innervates this tissue. Inflammatory responses are induced at the infected peripheral site prior to viral invasion of the PNS. PNS neurons are highly polarized cells with long axonal processes that connect to distant targets. When the peripheral tissue is first infected, only the innervating axons are exposed to this inflammatory milieu, which include type I interferon (e.g. IFNbeta) and type II interferon (i.e. IFNgamma). IFNbeta can be produced by all types of cells, while IFNgamma is secreted by some specific types of immune cells. And both types of IFN induce antiviral responses in surrounding cells that express the IFN receptors. The fundamental question is how do PNS neurons respond to the inflammatory milieu experienced only by their axons. Axons must act as potential front-line barriers to prevent PNS infection and damage. Using compartmented cultures that physically separate neuron axons from cell bodies, I found that pretreating isolated axons with IFNbeta or IFNgamma significantly diminished the number of HSV-1 and PRV particles moving from axons to the cell bodies in an IFN receptor-dependent manner. Furthermore, I found the responses in axons are activated differentially by the two types of IFNs. The response to IFNbeta is a rapid, axon-only response, while the response to IFNgamma involves long distance signaling to the PNS cell body. For example, exposing axons to IFNbeta induced STAT1 phosphorylation (p-STAT1) only in axons, while exposure of axons to IFNgamma induced p-STAT1 accumulation in distant cell body nuclei. Blocking transcription in cell bodies eliminated IFNgamma-, but not IFNbeta-mediated antiviral effects. Proteomic analysis of IFNbeta- or IFNgamma-treated axons identified several differentially regulated proteins. Therefore, unlike treatment with IFNgamma, IFNbeta induces a non-canonical, local antiviral response in axons. The activation of a local IFNbeta response in axons represents a new paradigm for early cytokine control of neuroinvasion. And the two response modes induced by the two distinct types of IFN erect an efficient and appropriate barrier against PNS infection.

ISBN: 9781339815473Subjects--Topical Terms:

642304
Virology.

Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion.
LDR:03292nmm a2200301 4500 001 2077285
005 20161114130247.5
008 170521s2016 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781339815473
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI10120365
035 $a AAI10120365
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Song, Ren. $3 3192786
245 1 0 $a Axonal interferon responses and alphaherpesvirus neuroinvasion.
300 $a 199 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 77-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Includes supplementary digital materials.
500 $a Adviser: Lynn W. Enquist.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2016.
520 $a Infection by alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV), typically begins at a peripheral epithelial surface and continues into the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that innervates this tissue. Inflammatory responses are induced at the infected peripheral site prior to viral invasion of the PNS. PNS neurons are highly polarized cells with long axonal processes that connect to distant targets. When the peripheral tissue is first infected, only the innervating axons are exposed to this inflammatory milieu, which include type I interferon (e.g. IFNbeta) and type II interferon (i.e. IFNgamma). IFNbeta can be produced by all types of cells, while IFNgamma is secreted by some specific types of immune cells. And both types of IFN induce antiviral responses in surrounding cells that express the IFN receptors. The fundamental question is how do PNS neurons respond to the inflammatory milieu experienced only by their axons. Axons must act as potential front-line barriers to prevent PNS infection and damage. Using compartmented cultures that physically separate neuron axons from cell bodies, I found that pretreating isolated axons with IFNbeta or IFNgamma significantly diminished the number of HSV-1 and PRV particles moving from axons to the cell bodies in an IFN receptor-dependent manner. Furthermore, I found the responses in axons are activated differentially by the two types of IFNs. The response to IFNbeta is a rapid, axon-only response, while the response to IFNgamma involves long distance signaling to the PNS cell body. For example, exposing axons to IFNbeta induced STAT1 phosphorylation (p-STAT1) only in axons, while exposure of axons to IFNgamma induced p-STAT1 accumulation in distant cell body nuclei. Blocking transcription in cell bodies eliminated IFNgamma-, but not IFNbeta-mediated antiviral effects. Proteomic analysis of IFNbeta- or IFNgamma-treated axons identified several differentially regulated proteins. Therefore, unlike treatment with IFNgamma, IFNbeta induces a non-canonical, local antiviral response in axons. The activation of a local IFNbeta response in axons represents a new paradigm for early cytokine control of neuroinvasion. And the two response modes induced by the two distinct types of IFN erect an efficient and appropriate barrier against PNS infection.
590 $a School code: 0181.
650 4 $a Virology. $3 642304
650 4 $a Nanoscience. $3 587832
650 4 $a Immunology. $3 611031
690 $a 0720
690 $a 0565
690 $a 0982
710 2 $a Princeton University. $b Molecular Biology. $3 2101701
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 77-10B(E).
790 $a 0181
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2016
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10120365