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Experimental evolution of specialism...

Kula, Alexander L.

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Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus./
Author:	Kula, Alexander L.
Description:	41 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International54-06(E).
Subject:	Evolution & development. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1593844
ISBN:	9781321901771

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
Kula, Alexander L.

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus. - 41 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.

Thesis (M.S.)--Loyola University Chicago, 2015.

A pathogen's ability to successfully replicate and persist within a new host population is fraught with obstacles. While an expanded host-range allows for a greater chance at successful replication, such generalists are typically outcompeted by species which have specialized and adapted host-specific features. Although the most ubiquitous species on earth, very few bacteria-infecting viral species (bacteriophages) with truly broad host-ranges have been identified; this is partially due to the fact that only a small fraction of bacteria (and thus likely hosts) are amenable to laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the processes of expanding as well as narrowing host-range are not well understood despite their profound importance for furthering our understanding of viral pathogens, be it bacteriophages or viral species impacting human health.

ISBN: 9781321901771Subjects--Topical Terms:

3172418
Evolution & development.

Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
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100 1 $a Kula, Alexander L. $3 3182900
245 1 0 $a Experimental evolution of specialism in a wild virus.
300 $a 41 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 54-06.
500 $a Adviser: Catherine Putonti.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--Loyola University Chicago, 2015.
520 $a A pathogen's ability to successfully replicate and persist within a new host population is fraught with obstacles. While an expanded host-range allows for a greater chance at successful replication, such generalists are typically outcompeted by species which have specialized and adapted host-specific features. Although the most ubiquitous species on earth, very few bacteria-infecting viral species (bacteriophages) with truly broad host-ranges have been identified; this is partially due to the fact that only a small fraction of bacteria (and thus likely hosts) are amenable to laboratory conditions. Nevertheless, the processes of expanding as well as narrowing host-range are not well understood despite their profound importance for furthering our understanding of viral pathogens, be it bacteriophages or viral species impacting human health.
520 $a Following the successful isolation of novel bacteriophage named phiHabibi, we identified this generalist species' broad host-range, including several Enterobacteriaceae. In order to examine the cost of generalism, we propagated 30 lines of phiHabibi: 10 lines were exposed only to naive E. coli C cells, 10 lines were exposed only to naive P. aeruginosa, and 10 alternated every 16 generations between naive populations of the two (serving as a control). While no reduction in fitness was observed on either host population for the control lines, this was not the case for either of the experimental conditions. Lines propagated through E. coli C cultures were more fit in E. coli C. Likewise, lines propagated through P. aeruginosa cultures were more fit in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, specialization as well as changes in phage development, from lytic to lysogenic and pseudolysogenic, were observed as a result of restricting host diversity thus providing insight into the cost and consequences of host-range.
590 $a School code: 0112.
650 4 $a Evolution & development. $3 3172418
650 4 $a Biology. $3 522710
650 4 $a Virology. $3 642304
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710 2 $a Loyola University Chicago. $b Biology. $3 3182901
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 54-06(E).
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792 $a 2015
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1593844