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Investigations of Earthquake Source ...

Kaneko, Yoshihiro.

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Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology./
作者:	Kaneko, Yoshihiro.
面頁冊數:	211 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-11(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International73-11B(E).
標題:	Geophysics. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3514006
ISBN:	9781267446756

Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology.
Kaneko, Yoshihiro.

Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology. - 211 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-11(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2009.

Ample experimental and observational evidence suggests that friction properties on natural faults vary spatially. In the lab, rock friction depends on temperature and confining pressure and it can be either velocity weakening or velocity strengthening, leading to either unstable or stable slip. Such variations in friction rheology can explain patterns of seismic and aseismic fault slip inferred from field observations.

ISBN: 9781267446756Subjects--Topical Terms:

535228
Geophysics.

Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology.
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245 1 0 $a Investigations of Earthquake Source Processes Based on Fault Models with Variable Friction Rheology.
300 $a 211 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-11(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Nadia Lapusta.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2009.
520 $a Ample experimental and observational evidence suggests that friction properties on natural faults vary spatially. In the lab, rock friction depends on temperature and confining pressure and it can be either velocity weakening or velocity strengthening, leading to either unstable or stable slip. Such variations in friction rheology can explain patterns of seismic and aseismic fault slip inferred from field observations.
520 $a This thesis studies earthquake source processes using models with relatively simple but conceptually important patterns of velocity-weakening and velocity-strengthening friction that can arise on natural faults. Based on numerical and analytical modeling, we explore the consequences of such patterns for earthquake sequences, interseismic coupling, earthquake nucleation processes, aftershock occurrence, peak ground motion in the vicinity of active faults, and seismic slip budget at shallow depths. The velocity-dependence of friction is embedded into the framework of logarithmic rate and state friction laws.
520 $a In addition to using existing boundary integral methods, which are accurate and efficient in simulating slip on planar faults embedded in homogeneous elastic media, the thesis develops spectral element methods to consider single dynamic ruptures and long-term histories of seismic and aseismic slip in models with layered bulk properties.
520 $a The results of this thesis help to understand a number of observed fault slip phenomena, such as variability in earthquake patterns and its relation to interseismic coupling, seismic quiescence following decay of aftershocks at inferred rheological transitions, instances of poor correlation between static stress changes and aftershock occurrence, the lack of universally observed supershear rupture near the free surface, and coseismic slip deficit of large strike-slip earthquakes at shallow depths. The models, approaches, and numerical methods developed in the thesis motivate and enable consideration of many other earthquake source problems, such as the combined effect of two or more triggering mechanisms on aftershock rates, inferring friction properties on natural faults based on seismic and geodetic measurements, seismic hazard assessment based on observed interseismic coupling, and the effect of heterogeneous and/or nonelastic bulk properties on earthquake sequences.
590 $a School code: 0037.
650 4 $a Geophysics. $3 535228
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710 2 $a California Institute of Technology. $b Planetary Science. $3 3175378
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2009
793 $a English
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