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Studies of physicochemical processes...

Pandis, Spyros N.

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Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition./
作者:	Pandis, Spyros N.
面頁冊數:	391 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-02, Section: B, page: 9590.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International52-02B.
標題:	Chemical engineering. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9113612

Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition.
Pandis, Spyros N.

Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition. - 391 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-02, Section: B, page: 9590.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 1991.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

A comprehensive chemical mechanism for aqueous-phase atmospheric chemistry was developed and its detailed sensitivity analysis was performed. The main aqueous-phase reaction pathways for the system are the oxidation of S(IV) to S(VI) by H$\sb2$O$\sb2$, OH, O$\sb2$ (catalysed by Fe$\sp{3+}$ and Mn$\sp{2+}$), O$\sb3$ and HSO$\sbsp{5}{-}$. The gas-phase concentrations of SO$\sb2$, H$\sb2$O$\sb2$, HO$\sb2$, OH, O$\sb3$ HCHO, NH$\sb3$, HNO$\sb3$ and HCl and the liquid water content of the cloud are of primary importance. The Lagrangian model predictions for temperature profile, fog development, liquid water content, gas-phase concentrations of SO$\sb2$, HNO$\sb3$, and NH$\sb3$, pH, aqueous-phase concentrations of SO$\sbsp{4}{2-}$, NH$\sbsp{4}{+}$ and NO$\sbsp{3}{-}$, and finally deposition rates of the above ions match well the observed values.Subjects--Topical Terms:

560457
Chemical engineering.

Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition.
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100 1 $a Pandis, Spyros N. $3 3174987
245 1 0 $a Studies of physicochemical processes in atmospheric particles and acid deposition.
300 $a 391 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-02, Section: B, page: 9590.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 1991.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a A comprehensive chemical mechanism for aqueous-phase atmospheric chemistry was developed and its detailed sensitivity analysis was performed. The main aqueous-phase reaction pathways for the system are the oxidation of S(IV) to S(VI) by H$\sb2$O$\sb2$, OH, O$\sb2$ (catalysed by Fe$\sp{3+}$ and Mn$\sp{2+}$), O$\sb3$ and HSO$\sbsp{5}{-}$. The gas-phase concentrations of SO$\sb2$, H$\sb2$O$\sb2$, HO$\sb2$, OH, O$\sb3$ HCHO, NH$\sb3$, HNO$\sb3$ and HCl and the liquid water content of the cloud are of primary importance. The Lagrangian model predictions for temperature profile, fog development, liquid water content, gas-phase concentrations of SO$\sb2$, HNO$\sb3$, and NH$\sb3$, pH, aqueous-phase concentrations of SO$\sbsp{4}{2-}$, NH$\sbsp{4}{+}$ and NO$\sbsp{3}{-}$, and finally deposition rates of the above ions match well the observed values.
520 $a A third model was developed to study the distribution of acidity and solute concentration among the various droplet sizes in a fog or a cloud. Significant solute concentration differences can occur in aqueous droplets inside a fog or a cloud.
520 $a Fogs in polluted environments have the potential to increase aerosol sulfate concentrations, but at the same time to cause reductions in the aerosol concentration of nitrate, chloride, ammonium and sodium as well as in the total aerosol mass concentration. The sulfate producd during fog episodes favors the aerosol particles that have access to most of the fog liquid water. Aerosol scavenging efficiencies of around 80% were calculated for urban fogs. Sampling and subsequent mixing of fog droplets of different sizes may result in measured concentrations that are not fully representative of the fogwater chemical composition.
520 $a Isoprene and $\beta$-pinene, at concentration levels ranging from a few ppb to a few ppm were reacted photochemically with NO$\sb{x}$ in the Caltech outdoor smog chamber facility. Aerosol formation from the isoprene photooxidation was found to be negligible even under extreme ambient conditions due to the relatively high vapor pressure of its condensable products. Aerosol carbon yield from the $\beta$-pinene photooxidation is as high as 8% and depends strongly on the initial HC/NO$\sb{x}$ ratio. Monoterpene photooxidation can be a significant source of secondary aerosol in rural environments and in urban areas with extended natural vegetation. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.).
590 $a School code: 0037.
650 4 $a Chemical engineering. $3 560457
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
650 4 $a Physics, Atmospheric Science. $3 1019431
690 $a 0542
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0608
710 2 $a California Institute of Technology. $3 726902
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 52-02B.
790 $a 0037
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1991
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9113612