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Patterns of climate variability in t...

Esswein, Katherine Lee.

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Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era./
Author:	Esswein, Katherine Lee.
Description:	74 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International51-04(E).
Subject:	Biology, Oceanography. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1532161
ISBN:	9781267868732

Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era.
Esswein, Katherine Lee.

Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era. - 74 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-04.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2012.

Paleoclimate records suggest significant multi-centennial climate variability during the past two millennia, the Common Era (CE), despite the apparently small changes in external forcings. Proxy records suggest that the Northern hemisphere (NH) was about 0.8°C cooler during the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1450-1850 CE) relative to the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA 950-1250 CE) and the last century. The majority of these anomaly reconstructions are from terrestrial records in the NH while information from the Indo-Pacific Warm pool (IPWP) are limited. As the latter exert strong influence on atmospheric convection and thus global climate and rainfall studying the climate of IPWP during the CE can help discern natural variability as well as anthropogenically forced alterations.

ISBN: 9781267868732Subjects--Topical Terms:

783691
Biology, Oceanography.

Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era.
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100 1 $a Esswein, Katherine Lee. $3 2100149
245 1 0 $a Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era.
300 $a 74 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 51-04.
500 $a Adviser: Yair Rosenthal.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2012.
520 $a Paleoclimate records suggest significant multi-centennial climate variability during the past two millennia, the Common Era (CE), despite the apparently small changes in external forcings. Proxy records suggest that the Northern hemisphere (NH) was about 0.8°C cooler during the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1450-1850 CE) relative to the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA 950-1250 CE) and the last century. The majority of these anomaly reconstructions are from terrestrial records in the NH while information from the Indo-Pacific Warm pool (IPWP) are limited. As the latter exert strong influence on atmospheric convection and thus global climate and rainfall studying the climate of IPWP during the CE can help discern natural variability as well as anthropogenically forced alterations.
520 $a Here I use planktonic foraminifera in rapidly accumulating sediments to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity in the Indonesian Seas to investigate changes in tropical temperature anomalies and monsoon strength throughout the CE. I have studied two sediment cores, one in the northern Makassar Strait, and the other in the Java Sea. The reconstruction of climate parameters is obtained by measuring magnesium/calcium ratios (Mg/Ca) and the oxygen isotopic (delta18O) composition in the tests of a surface dwelling foraminifer, Globigerinoides ruber (sensu stricto). The combined multi and gravity cores exhibit a significant trend in SST from northern to southern Makassar strait, suggesting significant local variability superimposed on the regional and global signals. A compilation of my Makassar Strait records with previously published records shows a 0.60 +/- 0.25°C cooling in the LIA and temperatures about as warm as the reference period (1860-1890 CE) during the MCA which is highly correlated with the NH temperature reconstruction. Model output showing the SST variability with forcing parameters held constant in the same region show +/- 0.25°C unforced variability leaving evidence that the SST variability in the proxy compilation could be externally forced.
520 $a Paired measurements of Mg/Ca-SST and delta18Ocalicte data are used to derive the delta18Osw, a proxy for salinity which shows more depleted values in sites south of the equator during the LIA, interpreted as fresher conditions. This apparent freshening of the surface water suggests enhanced precipitation associated with the Indonesian boreal winter monsoon.
590 $a School code: 0190.
650 4 $a Biology, Oceanography. $3 783691
650 4 $a Physical Oceanography. $3 1019163
650 4 $a Atmospheric Sciences. $3 1019179
690 $a 0416
690 $a 0415
690 $a 0725
710 2 $a Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick. $b Graduate School - New Brunswick. $3 1019196
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 51-04(E).
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791 $a M.S.
792 $a 2012
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=1532161