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The evolutionary and biogeographic c...

Larson, Kathryn.

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The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales./
作者:	Larson, Kathryn.
面頁冊數:	379 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-07(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-07B(E).
標題:	Paleontology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3557416
ISBN:	9781303005268

The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales.
Larson, Kathryn.

The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales. - 379 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-07(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2013.

The origin and radiation of angiosperms was accompanied by a number of morphological innovations, including formation of the carpel and the development of this structure into a fruit containing seeds. The origin of the fruit and its subsequent evolution resulted in the diversification of dispersal modes that allowed angiosperms to take advantage of many moving vector types. The consequences of dispersal mode evolution on ecological interactions are well-documented, but studies analyzing its consequences on dispersal potential, migration ability, biogeography, and diversity present conflicting results. To clarify these relationships, a series of botanical and paleobotanical analyses were performed using the group Fagales.

ISBN: 9781303005268Subjects--Topical Terms:

518862
Paleontology.

The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales.
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245 1 4 $a The evolutionary and biogeographic consequences of fruit form evolution in Fagales.
300 $a 379 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-07(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: C. Kevin Boyce.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2013.
520 $a The origin and radiation of angiosperms was accompanied by a number of morphological innovations, including formation of the carpel and the development of this structure into a fruit containing seeds. The origin of the fruit and its subsequent evolution resulted in the diversification of dispersal modes that allowed angiosperms to take advantage of many moving vector types. The consequences of dispersal mode evolution on ecological interactions are well-documented, but studies analyzing its consequences on dispersal potential, migration ability, biogeography, and diversity present conflicting results. To clarify these relationships, a series of botanical and paleobotanical analyses were performed using the group Fagales.
520 $a The impact of fruit form on dispersal patterns was assessed for wind dispersed fruits that autorotate as they fall. Field analyses of dispersal distances combined with morphological measurements and experimental fruit drops revealed an interesting relationship between form/descent rates and distance patterns. Although form significantly influenced descent rates, variable winds over an entire dispersal season erased any signal of form or descent rate from distance patterning. Dispersal patterns identified from these collections were then used to examine dispersal potential in these species and to predict migration rates of their populations at local scales. Most fruits dispersed directly under the parent's canopy, while those that made it past the canopy did not disperse far from the parent tree and did so in a highly asymmetric way. Because of these patterns, predicted migration speeds were very slow and highly asymmetric among the four observed directions.
520 $a Comparisons were then made among the geographic range sizes of groups with different dispersal and pollination modes. Opposing biogeographic patterns are seen at different taxonomic levels: biotically dispersed species had larger geographic ranges, but no pattern was seen at the genus level. Dispersal mode evolution was then reconstructed and its relationship with diversification rates analyzed, using comparative phylogenetic analyses of both extant and fossil genera. Ancestral state reconstructions indicate a complicated evolutionary history for fagalean fruit form with many transitions between abiotic and biotic dispersal and convergences on specializations for specific aerodynamic behaviors or for interactions with particular biotic vectors. Dispersal mode evolution had a clear impact on diversification rates, with rates three times higher in biotically dispersed lineages. However, only two of the five inferred diversification rate shifts in Fagales are associated with a dispersal mode transition. Results from these two types of diversification analyses indicate that the evolution of fruit function has significantly impacted diversification rates in Fagales, but additional variables must also be considered.
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650 4 $a Biology, Botany. $3 1017825
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710 2 $a The University of Chicago. $b Geophysical Sciences. $3 1675951
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