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Evidence of a Role for Three Neurope...

Nestor, Casey C.

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Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ./
作者:	Nestor, Casey C.
面頁冊數:	158 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-02B(E).
標題:	Biology, Neuroscience. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3530340
ISBN:	9781267687524

Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ.
Nestor, Casey C.

Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ. - 158 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--West Virginia University, 2012.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the final common output from the central nervous system for controlling luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the anterior pituitary. GnRH, and subsequently LH, secretion for most of the menstrual/estrous cycle occurs in an episodic pattern that is controlled by the inhibitory actions of estradiol and progesterone. However, GnRH neurons are devoid of the appropriate steroid receptors, therefore, estradiol and progesterone must mediate their effects on GnRH/LH secretion through interneurons. Three likely candidates are neurons containing kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB) and orphanin FQ (OFQ).

ISBN: 9781267687524Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017680
Biology, Neuroscience.

Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ.
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100 1 $a Nestor, Casey C. $3 2091950
245 1 0 $a Evidence of a Role for Three Neuropeptides that Mediate Steroid Negative Feedback on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in the Ewe: Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and Orphanin FQ.
300 $a 158 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Robert L. Goodman.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--West Virginia University, 2012.
520 $a Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the final common output from the central nervous system for controlling luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion from the anterior pituitary. GnRH, and subsequently LH, secretion for most of the menstrual/estrous cycle occurs in an episodic pattern that is controlled by the inhibitory actions of estradiol and progesterone. However, GnRH neurons are devoid of the appropriate steroid receptors, therefore, estradiol and progesterone must mediate their effects on GnRH/LH secretion through interneurons. Three likely candidates are neurons containing kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB) and orphanin FQ (OFQ).
520 $a Puberty in the ewe is marked by an increase in GnRH/LH secretion which in part results from a lessening of estradiol negative feedback. Kisspeptin and NKB are coexpressed in the same subsets of neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and are proposed to be critical for normal timing of puberty. Given that greater than 95% of kisspeptin/NKB neurons colocalize with estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and progesterone receptor in the ewe, we examined changes in kisspeptin- and NKB-positive neurons in the ARC of pre- and postpubertal ewes in the presence and absence of sex steroids. We observed a greater number of kisspeptin, but not NKB, positive neurons in the ARC of postpubertal ewes compared to prepubertal ewes, which corresponded with changes in LH secretion. Also, we showed that an intravenous injection of senktide, an NKB receptor agonist, stimulates LH secretion in prepubertal ewes. These results support a role for kisspeptin and NKB in ovine puberty.
520 $a OFQ when given centrally has been shown to inhibit LH secretion in rats and ewes and OFQ localizes to the external zone of the median eminence. Given its effect on LH secretion and its location, we investigated whether OFQ acts at the pituitary to inhibit LH release and/or at the hypothalamus to inhibit GnRH secretion. OFQ had no direct influence on ovine anterior pituitary cells in cell culture. However, we did observe a decrease in GnRH secretion in hypophyseal portal blood samples following infusion of an OFQ agonist into the third cerebroventricle of ovariectomized ewes. From this we conclude that OFQ acts centrally at the hypothalamus to inhibit GnRH secretion.
520 $a Given its central inhibitory action on GnRH secretion in the ewe, we examined if OFQ neurons in the preoptic area (POA) and hypothalamus contain steroid receptors. Furthermore, we investigated a role for endogenous OFQ by infusing an OFQ receptor antagonist into steroid-treated ewes. POA OFQ neurons did not contain steroid receptors, while a majority of OFQ neurons in the ARC contained both ERα and progesterone receptor. Furthermore, ovariectomized (OVX) ewes with luteal phase concentrations of progesterone and estradiol, but not OVX ewes implanted with only estradiol or ovary-intact anestrous ewes, showed a significant increase in LH pulse frequency during infusion of an OFQ receptor antagonist. Therefore, we conclude that OFQ mediates, at least in part, the negative feedback action of progesterone on GnRH/LH secretion in the ewe.
590 $a School code: 0256.
650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
650 4 $a Biology, Endocrinology. $3 1682242
650 4 $a Biology, Physiology. $3 1017816
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710 2 $a West Virginia University. $3 1017532
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 74-02B(E).
790 1 0 $a Goodman, Robert L., $e advisor
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2012
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3530340