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Studies on the defensive chemistry o...

Gonzalez, Andres.

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Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)./
作者:	Gonzalez, Andres.
面頁冊數:	129 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 60-08, Section: B, page: 3693.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International60-08B.
標題:	Biology, Entomology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9941212
ISBN:	0599427442

Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).
Gonzalez, Andres.

Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). - 129 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 60-08, Section: B, page: 3693.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 1999.

The moth Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) is protected against predation by pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) that it sequesters as a larva from its food plant. Males transmit PA to the females with the sperm package, and females bestow part of this gift upon their eggs, protecting these against predation. We demonstrate that females themselves derive protection from the PA gift. PA-free females are vulnerable to spider predation ( Lycosa ceratiola, Nephila clavipes). If mated with a PA-laden male, they become unacceptable. The effect takes hold promptly and is enduring: females are unacceptable to spiders virtually from when they uncouple from the male, and remain unacceptable as they age.

ISBN: 0599427442Subjects--Topical Terms:

1018619
Biology, Entomology.

Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).
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245 1 0 $a Studies on the defensive chemistry of Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Photuris versicolor (Coleoptera: Lampyridae).
300 $a 129 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 60-08, Section: B, page: 3693.
500 $a Adviser: Thomas Eisner.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 1999.
520 $a The moth Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) is protected against predation by pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) that it sequesters as a larva from its food plant. Males transmit PA to the females with the sperm package, and females bestow part of this gift upon their eggs, protecting these against predation. We demonstrate that females themselves derive protection from the PA gift. PA-free females are vulnerable to spider predation ( Lycosa ceratiola, Nephila clavipes). If mated with a PA-laden male, they become unacceptable. The effect takes hold promptly and is enduring: females are unacceptable to spiders virtually from when they uncouple from the male, and remain unacceptable as they age.
520 $a Female Photuris versicolor fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) sequester steroidal pyrones (lucibufagins) from male fireflies of the genus Photinus. We show that Photuris females transform the sequestered lucibufagins by glycosylation and oxidation. Specifically, Photinus males contain eight nonglycosylated lucibufagins. After feeding on Photinus, Photuris females contain six major lucibufagins. Three of these compounds are not present in the prey, including a novel lucibufagin glycoside. These transformations increase the polarity of lucibufagins, possibly affecting their systemic transportability.
520 $a Photuris fireflies also contain the defensive betaine N-methylquinolinium 2-carboxylate. We describe the isolation and chemical characterization of this betaine, and demonstrate its endogenous biosynthetic origin.
520 $a Finally, we show that female Photuris that fed on Photinus males endow their eggs with both lucibufagins and betaine, while Photinus-unfed females lay eggs that contain betaine, but virtually no lucibufagin. Predation experiments showed that Photuris eggs are unacceptable to a coccinellid beetle larva (Harmonia axyridis) and an ant (Leptothorax longispinosus), but moderately acceptable to an earwig (Forficula auricularia). When applied experimentally to palatable insect eggs, lucibufagins proved deterrent to these three predators, while betaine proved deterrent to ants and coccinellid larvae only. Both defensive compound decreased egg predation in the field. By endowing their eggs with both exogenous and endogenous chemicals, Photuris females are "maximizing their options": their eggs are doubly protected after feeding on Photinus, but they are not defenseless when the females fail to catch Photinus prey. The dual endowment could also broaden the spectrum of antipredatory efficacy of the defense.
590 $a School code: 0058.
650 4 $a Biology, Entomology. $3 1018619
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Chemistry, Organic. $3 516206
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Biology, Animal Physiology. $3 1017835
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710 2 0 $a Cornell University. $3 530586
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 60-08B.
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791 $a Ph.D.
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