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A test of numeric formats for risk c...

Cuite, Cara Lynn.

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A test of numeric formats for risk communication.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	A test of numeric formats for risk communication./
作者:	Cuite, Cara Lynn.
面頁冊數:	131 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2622.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-06B.
標題:	Health Sciences, Public Health. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3092930

A test of numeric formats for risk communication.
Cuite, Cara Lynn.

A test of numeric formats for risk communication. - 131 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2622.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2003.

People are faced with information about the probability of health risks on a regular basis, yet there is no agreed upon “best” method for presenting these probabilities. The current study compared the understandability of three numeric formats for risk likelihoods: “%”, “1 in n,” and “n in 100.” Two samples of adults were solicited from a cancer-related Internet site (N = 4,159 and N = 4,100). Participants were asked to perform four types of mathematical operations on risk likelihoods using hypothetical scenarios. A factorial design was used, with six levels of risk magnitude, ranging from .012% to 30%, fully crossed with the three formats.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017659
Health Sciences, Public Health.

A test of numeric formats for risk communication.
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245 1 0 $a A test of numeric formats for risk communication.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-06, Section: B, page: 2622.
500 $a Director: Neil D. Weinstein.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick, 2003.
520 $a People are faced with information about the probability of health risks on a regular basis, yet there is no agreed upon “best” method for presenting these probabilities. The current study compared the understandability of three numeric formats for risk likelihoods: “%”, “1 in n,” and “n in 100.” Two samples of adults were solicited from a cancer-related Internet site (N = 4,159 and N = 4,100). Participants were asked to perform four types of mathematical operations on risk likelihoods using hypothetical scenarios. A factorial design was used, with six levels of risk magnitude, ranging from .012% to 30%, fully crossed with the three formats.
520 $a Participants had the most success comparing two risks (81% correct), followed by halving a risk (63% correct), and tripling a risk (60% correct). Ability to add two risks was notably poor, with a 23% accuracy rate.
520 $a The relative performance of the formats varied by mathematical operation, and each format had the highest accuracy rate on at least one operation. When aggregated across operations, the “n in 100” and “%” formats had overall accuracy rates of 61%, and the “1 in n” format had a substantially lower accuracy rate of 48%.
520 $a An analysis of incorrect responses revealed that participants often did the opposite of what was requested (e.g., many participants doubled the risk they were asked to halve). Other common errors were simply repeating the risk given and providing an incorrect response that was a multiple of ten of the correct answer.
520 $a Education, ethnicity, and gender had significant effects on performance on most operations, while age did not. Participants with lower levels of education, African-Americans, Hispanics, and women had particular difficulty with these operations. There were few interactions between demographic variables and format, and none that were consistent across operations.
520 $a Recommendations for risk communicators are provided. The conclusion from the current research is that the best format to use in a communication depends on the operation. However, overall, the “n in 100” and “%” formats facilitate performance compared to the “1 in n” format, which should be avoided whenever possible.
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