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PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIR...

LEVENSON, MICHAEL RICHARD.

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PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS./
作者:	LEVENSON, MICHAEL RICHARD.
面頁冊數:	150 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 48-11, Section: B, page: 3444.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International48-11B.
標題:	Psychology, Personality. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=8801938

PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.
LEVENSON, MICHAEL RICHARD.

PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS. - 150 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 48-11, Section: B, page: 3444.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Irvine, 1987.

Various theorists have proposed reductionistic explanations of psychopathy in terms of psychophysiology, neurology, and nonconformity. Psychopaths have been characterized as being abnormally underreactive to stimuli, as having frontal lobe dysfunction, or as nonconformists. The underarousability or frontal lobe dysfunction are manifested as low anxiety and/or failure to avoid punishment, which leads to a sensation-seeking (nonconformist) lifestyle. However, these explanations are overinclusive in that they include under their purview sensation seekers who are not psychopaths. At the same time, they fail to identify key characteristics of psychopaths which may have little to do with underarousability or nonconformity.Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017585
Psychology, Personality.

PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.
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100 1 $a LEVENSON, MICHAEL RICHARD. $3 1943097
245 1 0 $a PSYCHOPATHY: A CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS.
300 $a 150 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 48-11, Section: B, page: 3444.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Irvine, 1987.
520 $a Various theorists have proposed reductionistic explanations of psychopathy in terms of psychophysiology, neurology, and nonconformity. Psychopaths have been characterized as being abnormally underreactive to stimuli, as having frontal lobe dysfunction, or as nonconformists. The underarousability or frontal lobe dysfunction are manifested as low anxiety and/or failure to avoid punishment, which leads to a sensation-seeking (nonconformist) lifestyle. However, these explanations are overinclusive in that they include under their purview sensation seekers who are not psychopaths. At the same time, they fail to identify key characteristics of psychopaths which may have little to do with underarousability or nonconformity.
520 $a The present study offers a reconceptualization of psychopathy, together with supporting empirical data. Psychopathy is defined as a persistently antisocial orientation which is characterized by a demand for immediate gratification, little tolerance for frustration, and a proclivity to use others for such gratification without regard to possible negative consequences. It is hypothesized that psychopaths are characterized by antisocial proclivities, highly emotional responses to frustration, lack of empathy, and poor moral development, rather than low anxiety, sensation seeking, and/or nonconformity.
520 $a To test these hypotheses, 24 manifestly antisocial residents of a long-term substance abuse treatment facility, 18 adventurers (highly skilled rock climbers), and 21 heroes (policemen and firemen decorated for bravery) were compared on a variety of measures, including substance abuse proclivity (SAP), emotionality, depression, self-descriptions of antisocial attitudes, independence/conformity, empathy, moral development, and various types of sensation seeking. Discriminant analysis was used to best characterize the three groups. Two discriminant functions were found. The first function was termed antisocial and was defined by high scores on SAP, emotionality, depression, antisocial attitudes, and disinhibition. The second function was termed antistructural and was defined by experience seeking, thrill and adventure seeking, general sensation seeking, and principled moral reasoning. Empathy was modestly negatively related to the antisocial function, while there were no differences among the three groups on the dimension of independence/conformity. These results were interpreted as supporting the present hypotheses and as offering an alternative to reductionist theories of psychopathy.
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791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1987
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