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Geomorphic modeling and routing impr...

Semmens, Darius James.

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Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions./
作者:	Semmens, Darius James.
面頁冊數:	217 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-05, Section: B, page: 2312.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-05B.
標題:	Hydrology. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3132254
ISBN:	0496794949

Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions.
Semmens, Darius James.

Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions. - 217 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-05, Section: B, page: 2312.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2004.

Watershed models have two significant shortcomings that limit their application to management problems in arid and semi-arid regions. The first is that the performance of event-based hydrologic models for ephemeral stream networks declines significantly as watershed size increases. The second is that no single model is capable of simulating runoff, erosion, and geomorphic response in the channel network for multiple consecutive events.

ISBN: 0496794949Subjects--Topical Terms:

545716
Hydrology.

Geomorphic modeling and routing improvements for GIS-based watershed assessment in arid regions.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2004.
520 $a Watershed models have two significant shortcomings that limit their application to management problems in arid and semi-arid regions. The first is that the performance of event-based hydrologic models for ephemeral stream networks declines significantly as watershed size increases. The second is that no single model is capable of simulating runoff, erosion, and geomorphic response in the channel network for multiple consecutive events.
520 $a A diffusion-wave routing subroutine was developed for the Kinematic Runoff and Erosion Model (KINEROS2) using a four-point iterative solution to the modified variable-parameter Muskingum-Cunge (MVPMC4) technique. It was tested against kinematic-wave routing at scales ranging from 0.05 to 150 km 2 on the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona. Analyses demonstrated that MVPMC4 routing significantly improves simulated outflow hydrographs for small to moderate events on watersheds that are 95 km2 and larger.
520 $a A geomorphic model was developed by modifying KINEROS2 to compute width, depth and slope adjustments from computed changes in sediment storage at each time step. Width and depth adjustments are determined by minimizing total stream power for each reach. A GIS-based interface was developed for model parameterization, coordinating multiple-event batch simulations, tracking cumulative geomorphic change, computing the sediment mass balance, visualizing results, and comparing results from different simulations.
520 $a Simulated geomorphic adjustments are particularly sensitive to the number and magnitude of events in the rainfall record. Widespread erosion was predicted during the wettest sequence of rainfall events, mixed erosion and deposition during intermediate sequence, and predominantly deposition during the driest sequence.
520 $a Simulation results from before and after urbanization in part of the watershed were compared for wet and intermediate rainfall records. Differences in computed geomorphic change in the unaffected part of the watershed were approximately zero. Erosion, primarily manifested as channel incision, increased within the urbanized area, and decreased downstream of it during the wet year. For the intermediate year, relative increases in deposition extended further upstream as transmission loss increased relative to the runoff volume. The overall pattern of relative geomorphic response was very similar regardless of the initial channel geometry, suggesting that the model can be used for broad-scale management and planning in the absence of detailed channel-geometry observations.
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