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Legislating equal access in educatio...

Bucks, Brian K.

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Legislating equal access in education and employment.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Legislating equal access in education and employment./
作者:	Bucks, Brian K.
面頁冊數:	72 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-08, Section: A, page: 3075.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-08A.
標題:	Economics, General. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3143226
ISBN:	0496012053

Legislating equal access in education and employment.
Bucks, Brian K.

Legislating equal access in education and employment. - 72 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-08, Section: A, page: 3075.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2004.

This dissertation considers the effectiveness of contemporary policies that seek to remedy disparities in education and labor market outcomes across groups. These policies, enacted in the wake of the Civil Rights movement, remain controversial today, in part, because of the persistence of the inequality that they were intended to eliminate. Some argue further that these measures in fact may reinforce existing gaps in economic outcomes across groups.

ISBN: 0496012053Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017424
Economics, General.

Legislating equal access in education and employment.
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520 $a This dissertation considers the effectiveness of contemporary policies that seek to remedy disparities in education and labor market outcomes across groups. These policies, enacted in the wake of the Civil Rights movement, remain controversial today, in part, because of the persistence of the inequality that they were intended to eliminate. Some argue further that these measures in fact may reinforce existing gaps in economic outcomes across groups.
520 $a Motivated by empirical evidence of segregated social networks and the prevalence of informal hiring, the first chapter examines the effect of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act---which banned discrimination by employers---on firms' hiring practices and, in turn, the ethnic composition of the applicant pool and workforce. The analysis makes use of the fact that Title VII applies only to firms with at least fifteen employees to estimate the law's effect nonparametrically. I find that as firm size nears the coverage threshold from below, employers rely less on informal search methods, and the share of minority applicants and hires increases. However, minority recruiting and employment do not increase at the threshold itself. Interestingly, employers near the cutoff are more likely to report that employment statutes affect their hiring or recruiting. Overall, the results suggest that if the law has any effect, it may be to bring small firms into compliance as they grow larger than fourteen employees.
520 $a The second chapter combines administrative data on all public high school graduates and public college attendees in Texas to examine how the adoption of race-blind college policies in the state after a 1996 ban on affirmative action affected students' college choices and academic performance. I conclude that race-blind policies have had little success in restoring minority students' access to top public institutions in Texas, particularly measured by the fraction of minority high school graduates attending a selective public university. However, gaps between minority and white GPAs and retention rates have narrowed at the most selective universities. Changes in observable student characteristics suggest it is unlikely minorities' relative achievement gains are due simply to declines in white students' qualifications. Instead revised institutional policies may lead to better student-school matches, or programs to improve the performance of minority students may be effective.
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