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Intracellular mechanics of cell migr...

Kole, Thomas P.

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Intracellular mechanics of cell migration and RhoGTPase mediated cytoskeleton reorganization.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Intracellular mechanics of cell migration and RhoGTPase mediated cytoskeleton reorganization./
作者:	Kole, Thomas P.
面頁冊數:	224 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1732.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-04B.
標題:	Biophysics, General. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3130719
ISBN:	0496779671

Intracellular mechanics of cell migration and RhoGTPase mediated cytoskeleton reorganization.
Kole, Thomas P.

Intracellular mechanics of cell migration and RhoGTPase mediated cytoskeleton reorganization. - 224 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1732.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2004.

The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic structure that provides cells with their shape and mechanical support. It is well established that cytoskeletal rearrangements are closely correlated with many cellular processes such as cell locomotion, cell shape changes during mitosis, contractile activities such as muscle contraction or the separation of daughter cells by the contractile ring during cytokinesis, cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions together with adhesion molecules, and transmembrane signaling, endocytosis, and secretion. These processes involve the coordinated assembly, disassembly, crosslinking, and bundling of cytoskeletal filaments, which are mediated by auxiliary proteins and are believed to regulate the mechanical properties of the cell. In vitro studies using purified cytoskeletal proteins have suggested molecular mechanisms of regulation of cytoskeleton mechanics, however, the mechanical behavior of living cells and the molecular signaling pathways by which it is regulated remains largely unknown. Local mechanical properties of cytoplasm have been implicated in the control of cell shape and the direction of locomotion, and there is now evidence that oncogenic human epithelial cells possess mechanical properties that are strikingly different from those of normal human epithelial cells.

ISBN: 0496779671Subjects--Topical Terms:

1019105
Biophysics, General.

Intracellular mechanics of cell migration and RhoGTPase mediated cytoskeleton reorganization.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1732.
500 $a Advisers: Joseph L. Katz; Denis Wirtz.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Johns Hopkins University, 2004.
520 $a The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic structure that provides cells with their shape and mechanical support. It is well established that cytoskeletal rearrangements are closely correlated with many cellular processes such as cell locomotion, cell shape changes during mitosis, contractile activities such as muscle contraction or the separation of daughter cells by the contractile ring during cytokinesis, cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions together with adhesion molecules, and transmembrane signaling, endocytosis, and secretion. These processes involve the coordinated assembly, disassembly, crosslinking, and bundling of cytoskeletal filaments, which are mediated by auxiliary proteins and are believed to regulate the mechanical properties of the cell. In vitro studies using purified cytoskeletal proteins have suggested molecular mechanisms of regulation of cytoskeleton mechanics, however, the mechanical behavior of living cells and the molecular signaling pathways by which it is regulated remains largely unknown. Local mechanical properties of cytoplasm have been implicated in the control of cell shape and the direction of locomotion, and there is now evidence that oncogenic human epithelial cells possess mechanical properties that are strikingly different from those of normal human epithelial cells.
520 $a There have been numerous attempts to quantify the mechanical properties of the cytoskeleton of living cells, however, most current methods cannot readily measure local mechanical parameters.{09}To address this issue, I introduce the method of intracellular microrheology to measure the local viscoelastic properties of live cells. Fluorescent particles microinjected into the cytoplasm of living cells act as nano-scale rheometers that impose a time-averaged constant stress in the surrounding fluid on the order of their thermal energy. The resulting deformation is measured as the particle displacement and can be directly related to the viscoelastic properties of the surrounding fluid. This method was extended to quantify the mechanical effects of the activation of members of the Rho family of small GTPases and the mechanical properties of migrating cells. Together, the results of these studies suggest that the mechanical properties of eukaryotic cells are highly dynamic and critically dependent upon the local organization of cytoskeletal elements.
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