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Traditional plant-based fishing in t...

McFerren, Marcus Anthony.

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Traditional plant-based fishing in the Americas: An ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Traditional plant-based fishing in the Americas: An ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation./
作者:	McFerren, Marcus Anthony.
面頁冊數:	221 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 2851.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International61-06B.
標題:	Biology, Botany. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9978142
ISBN:	0599839880

Traditional plant-based fishing in the Americas: An ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation.
McFerren, Marcus Anthony.

Traditional plant-based fishing in the Americas: An ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation. - 221 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-06, Section: B, page: 2851.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2000.

The practice of using plants to intoxicate fish therefore facilitating their capture (barbasco fishing) is a fascinating anthropological, ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological area of study. It incorporates several aspects of plant-animal interactions including the human selection process of appropriate plants, the chemotaxonomic and phytochemical basis of selection and efficacy, as well as the pharmacological basis of phytochemical intoxication, itself. It is well known that phytochemicals are responsible for the fish stupefying effects of plants used as barbascos, but in many cases, these effects have not been demonstrated under controlled conditions or chemically and pharmacologically investigated. Here, ethnobotanical fieldwork and anthropological literature searches have led to the examination of ten species of plants used as fish poisons. Four species (one Amazonian and three Californian) that had not previously been chemically or pharmacologically investigated with respect to their ichthyotoxicity were pursued in bioassay guided fractionation, spectroscopic structure elucidation, and neuropharmacological evaluation using radioligand binding assays and fluorescence calcium imaging of neuronal cell cultures.

ISBN: 0599839880Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017825
Biology, Botany.

Traditional plant-based fishing in the Americas: An ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation.
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500 $a Adviser: Eloy Rodriguez.
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520 $a The practice of using plants to intoxicate fish therefore facilitating their capture (barbasco fishing) is a fascinating anthropological, ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological area of study. It incorporates several aspects of plant-animal interactions including the human selection process of appropriate plants, the chemotaxonomic and phytochemical basis of selection and efficacy, as well as the pharmacological basis of phytochemical intoxication, itself. It is well known that phytochemicals are responsible for the fish stupefying effects of plants used as barbascos, but in many cases, these effects have not been demonstrated under controlled conditions or chemically and pharmacologically investigated. Here, ethnobotanical fieldwork and anthropological literature searches have led to the examination of ten species of plants used as fish poisons. Four species (one Amazonian and three Californian) that had not previously been chemically or pharmacologically investigated with respect to their ichthyotoxicity were pursued in bioassay guided fractionation, spectroscopic structure elucidation, and neuropharmacological evaluation using radioligand binding assays and fluorescence calcium imaging of neuronal cell cultures.
520 $a Piper piscatorum (Piperaceae), an Amazonian barbasco and medicinal plant identified through field-work with the Hoti and Piaroa ethic groups yielded the isobutyl-amide, piperovatine, a compound whose activity was shown to be mediated by voltage-gated sodium channels in ratiometric calcium imaging experiments. Umbellularia californica (Lauraceae) yielded the monoterpenes, eugenol, eugenol-methyl-ether, eucalyptol, umbellulone, and thymol. Eugenol and eugenol-methyl-ether have been shown to have moderate affinity to the benzodiazepine site of the GABA neurotransmitter receptor. Lomatium dasycarpum (Apiaceae) yielded 3,n-butylphthalide, heraclenin, psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, and 5-methoxypsoralen. Heraclenin was shown to significantly induce increases in intraneuronal calcium concentration indicating its neuronal excitatory effects. Trichostema lanceolatum (Lamiaceae) yielded the monoterpene, terpinene-4-ol, as its major ichthyotoxic constituent.
520 $a Each of these plant species has been identified through ethnobotanical leads. The usefulness and limitations of using this type of information in the discovery of bioactive chemicals are discussed.
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650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
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