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Environmental controls of phytoplank...

Anderson, Clarissa Ruth.

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Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms./
作者:	Anderson, Clarissa Ruth.
面頁冊數:	176 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: .
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International68-07B.
標題:	Biology, Oceanography. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3274410
ISBN:	9780549152514

Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms.
Anderson, Clarissa Ruth.

Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. - 176 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: .

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Santa Barbara, 2007.

Characterizing phytoplankton succession in the context of physical and chemical processes is important for understanding the mechanisms driving phytoplankton species composition and succession. Understanding these processes ultimately influences the ability to predict the contribution of phytoplankton to carbon cycling, the initiation and persistence of harmful algal blooms, and the ability to use satellites for the remote sensing of specific phytoplankton taxa important for biogeochemistry. A statistical analysis of five years (1998--2003) of phytoplankton pigment concentrations from the Santa Barbara Channel (SBC), California using empirical orthoganol functions (EOF) reveals four dominant modes of variability that explain 80% of the variance in the pigment dataset. The annual cycle is characterized by a switching from a mixed-phytoplankton assemblage mode to modes dominated by either diatoms, dinoflagellates, or a combination of nano- and pico-phytoplankton. The dominant two modes correspond to a pre-bloom condition that precedes upwelling conditions with all identified phytoplankton groups present in low abundance and a diatom-dominated upwelling state that develops following spring upwelling. In 2001, the EOF analysis indicated a shift towards more intense diatom blooms in spring and summer and fewer, large dinoflagellate blooms. This trend was corroborated by analyses of diagnostic pigments and CHEMTAX analysis of phytoplankton community structure, and may be linked to an increase in local upwelling intensity between 2001 and 2003. Both of the spring diatom blooms occurring after 2001 were dominated by toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species and led to significant marine mammal deaths in the SBC in 2003.

ISBN: 9780549152514Subjects--Topical Terms:

783691
Biology, Oceanography.

Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms.
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245 1 0 $a Environmental controls of phytoplankton community structure in the Santa Barbara Channel, California: Application to the dynamics and detection of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: .
500 $a Adviser: Mark A. Brzezinski.
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520 $a Characterizing phytoplankton succession in the context of physical and chemical processes is important for understanding the mechanisms driving phytoplankton species composition and succession. Understanding these processes ultimately influences the ability to predict the contribution of phytoplankton to carbon cycling, the initiation and persistence of harmful algal blooms, and the ability to use satellites for the remote sensing of specific phytoplankton taxa important for biogeochemistry. A statistical analysis of five years (1998--2003) of phytoplankton pigment concentrations from the Santa Barbara Channel (SBC), California using empirical orthoganol functions (EOF) reveals four dominant modes of variability that explain 80% of the variance in the pigment dataset. The annual cycle is characterized by a switching from a mixed-phytoplankton assemblage mode to modes dominated by either diatoms, dinoflagellates, or a combination of nano- and pico-phytoplankton. The dominant two modes correspond to a pre-bloom condition that precedes upwelling conditions with all identified phytoplankton groups present in low abundance and a diatom-dominated upwelling state that develops following spring upwelling. In 2001, the EOF analysis indicated a shift towards more intense diatom blooms in spring and summer and fewer, large dinoflagellate blooms. This trend was corroborated by analyses of diagnostic pigments and CHEMTAX analysis of phytoplankton community structure, and may be linked to an increase in local upwelling intensity between 2001 and 2003. Both of the spring diatom blooms occurring after 2001 were dominated by toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species and led to significant marine mammal deaths in the SBC in 2003.
520 $a The toxigenic bloom of May 2003 was predominantly comprised of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis. Satellite imagery revealed the presence of the bloom prior to a period of strong, spring upwelling along the continental shelf of the SBC. Following upwelling, the bloom increased in areal extent to cover most of the SBC. Pseudo-nitzchia australis abundance ranged from 0.4 x 105--2 x 10 6 cells L-1 with particulate domoic acid (DA) concentrations between 32 and 1,684 ng L-1. Significant negative correlations between silicic acid, Si(OH)4:NO3- and Si(OH)4:PO43- ratios, and particulate DA suggest that the bloom may have been experiencing Si limitation. High cell abundance and the highest levels of cellular DA (0.14--2.1 pg cell-1) were associated with a cyclonic eddy in the western end of the SBC. Cyclonic eddies within the SBC are known to be convergent which may have concentrated P. australis cells within this feature. Propagation of the eddy transported the bloom to the west indicating that coherent circulation features may help predict the fate of harmful algal blooms in coastal systems.
520 $a In order to potentially predict the presence of these toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. blooms, I collected a 1.5 year time series of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. abundance estimates and domoic acid concentration along with the physical, chemical, and biological data necessary to understand local Pseudo-nitzschia bloom dynamics. These data were used to identify the optimal ranges of environmental conditions for Pseudo-nitzschia bloom development in the Santa Barbara Channel. The time series captured three large toxic events (max. particulate domoic acid concentration, pDA &sim;6,000 ng L-1; max. cellular domoic acid concentrations, cDA &sim;88 pg cell-1) in the springs of 2005--2006 and summer 2005 corresponding to bloom-level Pseudo-nitzchia spp. abundance (>5.0 x 104 cells L -1). In general, large increases in Pseudo-nitzschia spp. abundance were accompanied by increases in cDA levels, and cDA peaks preceded pDA peaks by at least one month in both the springs of 2005 and 2006. Conditions most associated with high cDA levels are low sea surface temperature, high salinity, increased absorption by cDOM (412 nm), increased reflectance at 510/555 nm, and decreased particulate absorption at 510 nm. Statistical models combining these assessments of optimal bloom conditions with the use of satellite ocean color (MODIS-Aqua & SeaWiFS) and sea surface temperature (AVHRR) were created to determine the probability that a remotely sensed phytoplankton bloom contains a significant population of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp.
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