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The formation of N-nitrosodimethylam...

Chen, Zhuo.

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The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter./
作者:	Chen, Zhuo.
面頁冊數:	176 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 4025.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-07B.
標題:	Environmental Sciences. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3225586
ISBN:	9780542795046

The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter.
Chen, Zhuo.

The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter. - 176 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 4025.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2006.

Monochloramine is frequently used as a disinfectant in distribution systems when it is difficult to maintain a free chlorine disinfectant residual or when the use of free chlorine causes excessive disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Although monochloramine has been shown to produce fewer regulated halogenated DBPs recent findings associate chloramine use with the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potent carcinogen.

ISBN: 9780542795046Subjects--Topical Terms:

676987
Environmental Sciences.

The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter.
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245 1 4 $a The formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from reaction of monochloramine with natural organic matter.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 4025.
500 $a Adviser: Richard L. Valentine.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2006.
520 $a Monochloramine is frequently used as a disinfectant in distribution systems when it is difficult to maintain a free chlorine disinfectant residual or when the use of free chlorine causes excessive disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Although monochloramine has been shown to produce fewer regulated halogenated DBPs recent findings associate chloramine use with the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potent carcinogen.
520 $a This work focused on identification of natural precursors and reactions responsible for the formation of NDMA in chloraminated water. Humic substances were identified as very important NDMA precursors. A reaction model capable of predicting NDMA formation on a time scale important in water distribution systems was also developed. This incorporated a simple assumption of linearly relating NDMA formation to the amount of NOM oxidized by monochloramine. Spectroscopic studies indicate that SUVA272 is a good surrogate for NDMA precursor content. Fluorescence spectra of NOM carried substantial information about the properties of NOM but no quantitative relationship was found between NDMA formation and NOM fluorescence characteristics.
520 $a Several approaches to potentially mitigate NDMA formation were also studied. Pre-chlorination and pre-oxidation by free chlorine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and even simulated solar radiation all caused a reduction in NDMA formation. This reduction was directly proportional to the reduction in the initial SUVA value and was independent of the nature of the oxidant indicating a common mode of action. Lastly riverbank filtration (RBF) was found to be effective in reducing NOM and NDMA formation.
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