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Auditory inattention in unilateral s...

Ocampo, Carlota.

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Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses./
作者:	Ocampo, Carlota.
面頁冊數:	82 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 59-01, Section: B, page: 0453.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International59-01B.
標題:	Psychology, Physiological. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9820688
ISBN:	9780591723557

Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses.
Ocampo, Carlota.

Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses. - 82 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 59-01, Section: B, page: 0453.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Howard University, 1997.

Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) manifests as an inability to orient toward or respond to stimuli and events in the contralesional hemispace following brain damage. Although visual neglect is often the most salient feature of the disorder, neglect of auditory stimuli has also been reported. Both the physical characteristics of acoustic stimuli and the arrangement of the neural pathway to auditory cortex make it difficult to construct a tightly controlled experimental investigation into auditory neglect. In the present study, a novel audio-visual paradigm was used to empirically investigate auditory neglect.

ISBN: 9780591723557Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017869
Psychology, Physiological.

Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses.
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245 1 0 $a Auditory inattention in unilateral spatial neglect: Neuropsychological and morphometric CT analyses.
300 $a 82 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 59-01, Section: B, page: 0453.
500 $a Adviser: Leslie H. Hicks.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Howard University, 1997.
520 $a Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) manifests as an inability to orient toward or respond to stimuli and events in the contralesional hemispace following brain damage. Although visual neglect is often the most salient feature of the disorder, neglect of auditory stimuli has also been reported. Both the physical characteristics of acoustic stimuli and the arrangement of the neural pathway to auditory cortex make it difficult to construct a tightly controlled experimental investigation into auditory neglect. In the present study, a novel audio-visual paradigm was used to empirically investigate auditory neglect.
520 $a A previous study suggested that due to a strong linkage between auditory and visual systems, presenting stimuli using the ventriloquist effect (deceiving subjects visually as to the actual source of a sound) could ameliorate auditory neglect. In the present study, seven subjects with acute right ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions on CT scan and visual neglect, 10 subjects with provisional clinical neurological diagnoses of stroke but no neglect (with suspected or CT confirmed right-hemisphere lesions), and seven matched hospital controls with no known evidence of brain injury were administered the Behavior Inattention Test (Wilson, Cockburn & Halligan, 1987) to quantify visual neglect. These three groups of subjects also viewed a video-tape which presented ecologically relevant non-verbal stimuli utilizing the ventriloquist effect to assess improvement of auditory neglect under conditions of visual stimulation (e.g. Soroker, Calamaro & Myslobodsky, 1995 a, b). Results showed strong correlations between scores on auditory and visual measures, suggesting that visual and auditory neglect co-occurred in this sample. However, a case-by-case analysis showed that visual and auditory neglect were dissociated in some of the subjects. Results did not support the hypothesis that auditory neglect could be relieved by application of the ventriloquist effect, but rather supported the manifestation of simultaneous extinction across modalities in this sample.
520 $a Although right-sided neglect following left hemisphere damage has been reported (e.g. Stone, Halligan & Greenwood, 1993), much of the literature concurs that neglect is most prolonged, severe, and debilitating when it affects the left hemispace following right brain damage. The neural substrate for neglect most often appears to involve the parietal region, although neglect following frontal and subcortical regions is also reported. Precise mechanisms of neglect appear to vary following disruption to diverse brain areas or functional systems. In the present study, a computerized morphometric brain imaging program (NIH Image) was employed to document lesion variables on a case study basis, including locus of lesion and percent of total brain area damaged. The present study postulated that lesions of patients suffering from auditory neglect might show evidence of sub-cortical involvement since acoustic signals are processed so extensively sub-cortically.
520 $a The finding that subjects showed simultaneous extinction across modalities was examined by focusing on several alternate explanations for the effects of the ventriloquist illusion in patients with neglect. These included the idea that causing eye position to shift to the right may cause an increase rather than a decrease of neglect to left-delivered stimuli (e.g. Reisberg, Scheiber, & Potemken, 1981). A critique of the present paradigm also focused on evidence that the McGurk effect (McGurk & MacDonald, 1976) is weakened by the presentation of highly mismatched stimuli (Green et al., 1991; Jack & Thurlow, 1973). The larger scientific issue of research methods in brain-damaged populations was also discussed.
590 $a School code: 0088.
650 4 $a Psychology, Physiological. $3 1017869
650 4 $a Biology, Neuroscience. $3 1017680
650 4 $a Psychology, Psychobiology. $3 1017821
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710 2 0 $a Howard University. $3 1017554
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 59-01B.
790 1 0 $a Hicks, Leslie H., $e advisor
790 $a 0088
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 1997
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9820688